Effect of Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx Extracts on Murine Streptococcus pyogenes Infection by Modulating Immune System

Figure 9

GM-CSF levels in culture medium of splenocytes lymph nodal cells. LCEEs ((a) fruits, (b) stems, and (c) leaves) were added to cells. GM-CSF was measured by ELISA. Data represent the mean ± SD (n = 6). p< 0.01 by Bonferroni-Dunnett’s t-test.

(a)

(b)

(c)