Biochemical and Biological Profile of Parotoid Secretion of the Amazonian Rhinella marina (Anura: Bufonidae)

Table 6

Rhinella marina crude extract induced reversion of point mutation for his1–7, frameshift mutation (hom3–10), and ochre allele (lys1–1) in haploid strain XV185-14c of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in stationary phase.

	Treatment	Survival (%)	LYS1/10^7	HIS1/10^7	HOM3/10^7
Negative control	0	100.00	0.87 ±	0.62 ±	0.11 ±
4-	0.5 μg/mL	15.33^∗∗∗	125.92 ± 9.19^∗∗∗	151.88 ± 6.3^∗∗∗	41.22 ± 8.50^∗∗∗
Rhinella marina crude poison	10 μg/mL	97.04	0.45 ± 0.32	0.627 ± 0.36	0.08 ± 0.02
	20 μg/mL	92.12	0.72 ± 0.86	0.58 ± 0.43	0.14 ± 0.14
	40 μg/mL	88.81	0.93 ± 0.69	0.56 ± 0.32	0.11 ± 0.10
	80 μg/mL	85.24	1.54 ± 0.84	0.56 ± 0.50	0.18 ± 0.07
	160 μg/mL	81.60	2.06 ± 0.94	0.50 ± 0.44	0.09 ± 0.11
	320 μg/mL	74.96	2.06 ± 0.61	0.82 ± 0.35	0.02 ± 0.03

Data are significant in relation to negative control group (solvent) at ^∗∗∗P < 0.001/one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test. (a) Locus nonspecific revertants (suppression by forward mutation). (b) Locus-specific revertants. (c) Mean and S.D. per five independent experiments.