Review Article

Prevalence of Syphilis among Pregnant Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

General characteristics of the included studies in systematic review and meta-analysis from 1999 to 2018.

Author & ref.Pub. yearStudy area Sample size Number(%)Specimen DX. methodsQua (9%)

Kebede & Chamso, [20]2000Ethiopia41012(2.9)BloodVDRL7
Mulu et al., [21]2007Ethiopia4805(1.0)BloodRPR&TPHA7
Tiruneh, [22]2008Ethiopia48011(2.3)BloodRPR &TPHA7
Ramos et al., [23]2011Ethiopia1650(0.0)BloodELISA5
Assefa, [24]2014Ethiopia238569(2.9)BloodRPR& TPHA8
Endris et al., [25]2015Ethiopia38511(2.9)BloodRPR& TPHA8
Melku et al., [26]2015Ethiopia30011(3.7)BloodRPR&TPHA8
Deme [27]2016Ethiopia5742(0.3)BloodRPR7
Fissehatsion et al., [28]2017Ethiopia403 0(0.0)BloodRICT8
Zinabie et al., [29]2018Ethiopia3857(1.8)BloodVDRL8
Schönfeld et al., [30]2018Ethiopia58013(2.2)bloodRICT7
Taiwo etal., [31]2007Nigeria50550(9.9)BloodRPR&TPHA6
Bukar et al., [32]2009Nigeria181019(0.1)BloodRPR&TPHA7
Aboyeji [33]2009Nigeria2304(1.7)BloodRPR6
Buseri et al., [34]2010Nigeria100050(5.0)BloodRICT &TPHA5
Mbamora et al., [35]2011Nigeria13938(0.6)BloodELISA&TPHA7
ISA et al., [36]2014Nigeria1082(1.9)BloodRICT6
Olowe et al., [37]2014Nigeria3948(2.0)BloodRPR&TPHA5
Dionne-Odomet al., [38]2016Cameron7069120(1.7)BloodRICT7
De Paschaleet al., [39]2014Benin2837(2.5)BloodEIA5
Kinoshita et al., [40]2008DRC5290(0.0)BloodRPR&TPHA6
Taylor et al., [41]2014DRC17669742(4.2)BloodRICT &RPR8
Berrueta et al., [42] D2017DRC415317(0.4)BloodRICT5
Niama et al., [43]2017DRC2979117(3.9)BloodRPR7
Emanuael et al., [44]2010Sudan23151(22.1)BloodRPR9
Abdelrahim et al., [45]2017Sudan42621(5.0)BloodRPR6
Elkheir et al., [46]2018Sudan44433(7.4)BloodRICT9
Pham et al., [47]2005Zimbabwe2969143(4.8)BloodRPR8
Kurewa et al., [48]2010Zimbabwe6918(1.2)BloodRPR&TPHA9
Kwiek et al., [49]2008Malawi3824191(5.0)BloodRPR&TPHA8
Sombié et al., [50]2000Burkina Faso1098026(0.2)BloodRPR &TPHA9
Kirakoya et al., [51]2011Burkina Faso213664(3.0)BloodRPR5
Urassa et al., [52]2001Tanzania105862(5.9)BloodVDRL&TPHA7
Swai et al., [53]2006Tanzania173231265(7.3)BloodRPR8
Yahya et al., [54]2008Tanzania129621(1.6)BloodRPR&TPHA9
Manyahi et al., [55]2015Tanzania39698992(2.5)BloodRPR7
Lawi et al., [56]2015Tanzania3319(2.7)BloodRPR& RICT8
Manson et al., [57]2010Guinea7117(1.0)BloodRPR6
Apea-Kubi et al., [58]2004Ghana57032(5.6)BloodTPHA6
Blankhart et al., [59]1999CAR48132(6.7)BloodRPR8
Gichangi et al., [60]2004Kenya12414372(3.0)BloodRPR6
Marx et al., [61]2010Kenya44113(3.0)BloodRPR&TPHA9
Romoren, [62]2006Botswana46523(5.0)BloodRPR&TPHA6
Berrueta et al., [42] Z2017Zambia18097398(2.2)BloodRPR5

RPR=rapid plasma regain, TPHA=treponema palladium hama agglutination inhibition test, VDRL=venereal disease research laboratory, RICT= rapid immunochromatography test, Pub-year=publication year, Ref=reference, CAR=Central African Republic, DRC=Democratic Republic of Congo.