Review Article
Potential Role of Exosomes in Cancer Metastasis
Table 2
Involvement of exosomes in influencing the function of tumor cells.
| The role of tumor cells-derived exosomes in influencing tumor cells |
| Cancer type | Donor cells | Recipient cells | Study molecule | Signal axis | Effect | Ref. |
| Melanoma | Tumor cells | Tumor cells | RAB27A | | Migration and invasion↑ | [32] | Lung cancer | Tumor cells | Tumor cells | lnc-MMP2-2 | lnc-MMP2-2→MMP2↑ | Migration and invasion↑ | [33] | CRC | Hypoxic tumor cells | Normoxic tumor cells | HIF1A | HIF1A→Wnt4-activated β-catenin signaling pathway↑ | Migration and invasion↑ | [34] | PDAC | Tumor cells | Tumor cells | miR-222 | miR-222→p27↓ | Proliferation, invasion and migration↑ | [35] | Breast cancer | Tumor cells | Tumor cells | CAV1 | | Migration and invasion↑ | [36] | Breast cancer | Exosomes from plasma of healthy donor(the exception of study mode) | Tumor cells | surface proteins | surface proteins→FAK signaling pathway↑ | Adhesive ability and migration↑ | [37] |
| The role of microenvironment cells-derived exosomes in influencing tumor cells |
| CRC | Tumor associated M2 macrophages | Tumor cells | miR-21-5p and miR-155-5p | miR-21-5p and miR-155-5p → BRG1↓ | Migration and invasion↑ | [38] | OSCC | CAFs | Tumor cells | miR-34a-5p | miR-34a-5p→AXL↓→AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway↑ | Proliferation, EMT and metastasis↑ | [39] |
| HCC | CSCs | Tumor cells | exosomal molecules | exosomal molecules→Bax and p53↓, Bcl2↑; VEGF↑; P13K, ERK and MMP9↑, TIMP1↓; TGFβ1↑ | Tumor progression↑ | [40] | BM-MSCs | exosomal molecules | contrary to the above expression changes | Tumor progression↓ |
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Note: Colorectal cancer, CRC, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PDAC; Oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC; Cancer-associated fibroblast, CAF; Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC; Cancer stem cell, CSC; Bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cell, BM-MSC; ↑, Upregulated or activated; ↓, Downregulated or inhibited.
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