Controlled Release Strategies for the Combination of Fresh and Lyophilized Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Bone Tissue Regeneration
Table 1
The levels of growth factors released from PRF (0.2 g), lyophilized PRF (0.02 g), and PRF and lyophilized PRF in different weight ratios (F:L=1:1, 1:3, 1:5) at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days as determined by ELISA.
Group
Amounts of released molecules (mean and standard deviations)
D1
D4
D7
D14
D21
D28
TGF-β1(ng/l)
F
275.92±25.02
326.80±89.32
441.98±65.98
329.11±48.64
288.63±86.32
195.75±86.59
L
242.10±95.20
305.34±45.03
393.45±72.14
407.69±115.23
298.16±65.96
279.11±75.36
F:L=1:1
302.98±72.30
293.39±42.13
321.99±75.21
483.92±87.25
376.75±54.26
231.46±68.59
F:L=1:3
321.99±89.25
307.69±84.26
383.45±56.32
312.46±76.58#
240.99±81.25#
198.11±65.31
F:L=1:5
350.57±49.25
264.82±45.32
364.87±75.23
398.82±86.32
264.81±75.64#
217.17±78.36
VEGF(ng/l)
F
67.70±11.97
52.01±6.95
75.40±10.07
44.23±10.75
27.15±6.40
24.37±8.46
L
71.32±15.54
46.05±8.88#
79.63±16.78
64.72±5.38
23.66±11.68
24.19±5.90
F:L=1:1
65.34±6.61
64.62±6.29
108.08±19.79
65.89±22.66
24.04±1.34
23.56±8.78
F:L=1:3
62.27±1.96
51.10±1.52
72.49±3.85#
73.85±4.27
21.73±6.21
18.27±2.51
F:L=1:5
61.91±6.71
41.35±1.73##
78.10±6.80
54.23±7.11
27.33±5.25
17.10±2.33
PDGF-AB(ng/l)
F
409.15±61.90
515.27±62.91
402.25±99.95
426.29±8.21
263.01±51.09
142.05±29.53
L
468.51±79.09
454.97±49.66
525.74±35.58
396.91±79.65
312.18±40.66
165.41±17.79
F:L=1:1
398.87±57.84
487.07±59.87
508.65±55.23
420.23±111.51
292.32±51.17
127.35±24.75
F:L=1:3
439.38±35.69
530.56±11.78
450.35±17.59
458.11±22.36
289.10±12.19
170.27±21.59
F:L=1:5
423.71±95.54
432.64±40.71
424.86±81.40
463.30±28.30
369.92±41.32
119.90±16.28
Abbreviations: TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-β1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; PDGF-AB, platelet-derived growth factor. Statistically significant difference compared with F-PRF group, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, with fresh/lyophilized PRF (1:1) group, P < 0.01, P < 0.05.