Serum Tumour Markers in Testicular Germ Cell Tumours: Frequencies of Elevated Levels and Extents of Marker Elevation Are Significantly Associated with Clinical Parameters and with Response to Treatment

Table 12

Tumour marker elevation rates in seminoma – synopsis of studies.

First author	year	n	bHCG (%)	LDH (%)
Kuber [29]	1982	98	20
Szymendera [17]	1983	61	16.4
Nørgaard-Petersen [18]	1984	307	6.8
Kratzik [30]	1988	120	23
Dieckmann [31]	1989	83	12
Fossa [32]	1989	105	32	46
Javadpour [23]	1992	160	9
Rüther [33]	1994	106	30.2
Weissbach [34]	1997	726	35	34
Germa-Lluch [25]	2002	434	21	-
Neumann [26]	2011	72	18.8
Sanchis Bonet [35]	2011	58	29.3
Rothermundt [27]	2018	192	18.8	20.3
Dieckmann [28]	2019	302	31.8	29.9