L-Carnitine Reduces Oxidative Stress and Promotes Cells Differentiation and Bone Matrix Proteins Expression in Human Osteoblast-Like Cells

Figure 1

hOBs mitochondrial response to L-Carnitine (L-C) treatment. After 24, 48, and 72h of treatment, the CytoPainter Mitochondrial fluorescence signal associated with active mitochondria was increased in L-C-treated hOBs compared to controls (ctrl), reaching significance at 72h. Mito signal (green), nuclei (DAPI). The quantified signal was normalized for the total nuclei number (magnification: 20X for 24h and 48h; 40X for 72h). Data are the mean ± SD of six experiments performed with cells obtained from different donors. ANOVA for nonparametric data (Kruskal–Wallis) with Dunn’s multiple comparison test: < 0.05 vs control (ctrl).