Potential Anticancer Properties and Mechanisms of Action of Formononetin

Table 1

List of plants containing Formononetin and its biological activities.

Plants name		Part used/Extract	Yield of Formononetin	Functions	References
Botanical name	Common name
Astragalus mongholicus	Milk vetch	Roots	10 mg /200 mg of crude extract; % yield = 5 %	Anti-tumor, Anti-oxidant, Antiviral, Anti-proliferative	[25–27]
Astragalus membranaceus	Goat’s horn	Flowers	10 mg /200 mg of crude extract; % yield = 5 %	Anti-tumor, Anti-oxidant, Antiviral, Anti-proliferative	[25–27]
Dalbergia ecastaphyllum	Brazilian red propolis	- -	44.14 μg/ mg (Acetate fraction); % yield = 4.414 %	Anti-tumor	[23, 28]
Trifolium pratense	Red clover	Above; ground parts, flower heads	0.21–0.59 % (Above ground parts); 0.047–0.12% (Flower heads)	Anti-proliferative	[23, 29]
Ononis spinosa L.	Spiny rest harrow	Root	113.622mg/ 100 g dry plant extract; % yield = 0.133 %	Beneficial for urinary and bladder infection	[9, 30]
Glycine max	Soya bean	- -	- -	Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-microbial	[15]
Radix astragalus	Yellow leader	Roots	0.191 μg/mg; % yield = 0.019 %	Osteogenic activity, Prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis, Anti-oxidant	[16, 31]
Glycyrrhiza glabra	Mulethi	Roots	27.856mg/ 100g; % yield = 0.027 %	Anti-viral, Hepatoprotective	[30]
Glycyrrhiza echinata	Chinese licorice	Roots	5.218 mg/ 100 g; % yield = 0.005 %	- -	[30]
Cicer arietinum	Chickpea	Seeds	14.2 mg/ 150mg; % yield = 9.46 %	- -	[20]
Sophora flavescens	Shrubby	Roots	5mg/ 628g ether-soluble fraction; % yield = 0.00079 %	Immuno-enhancement effects	[17, 32]
Pycnanthus angolensis	African nutmeg	Bark	16.2mg/180 g; (n-hexane-EtOAc fraction); % yield = 0.009 %	Apoptosis inducer	[18, 33]
Spatholobus suberectus	Millettia	Stem	87.5 mg/25.5 g crude extract; % yield = 0.343 %	Proteasome inhibitory activity	[19]
Actaea racemosa	Black cohosh	Rhizome	- -	- -	[22]