Research Article
The Efficacy and Safety of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization to Treat Renal Hemorrhage after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Table 1
Demographic and clinical difference between patients in the TAE group and conservative treatment group.
| | Characteristic | All | TAE group | Control group | P value | | (n=121) | (n=32) | (n=89) |
| | Age | 51.9 ± 11.8 | 55.6 ± 9.6 | 50.6 ± 12.3 | 0.039 | | Gender (male) | | | | 0.649 | | Male | 87(71.9) | 24(75.0) | 63(70.8) | | | Female | 34(28.1) | 8(25.0) | 26(29.2) | | | Platelet count (×9/L) | 203.7 ± 53.4 | 193.7 ± 55.0 | 207.3 ± 52.6 | 0.228 | | Stone size | | | | 0.483 | | <2 | 44(36.4) | 10(31.3) | 34(38.2) | | | ≥2 cm | 77(63.6) | 22(68.7) | 55(61.8) | | | Stone type | | | | 0.170 | | Solitary | 34(28.1) | 6(18.8) | 28(31.5) | | | Multiple or Staghorn | 87(71.9) | 26(81.2) | 61(68.5) | | | Number of tracts | | | | 0.394 | | Simple | 116(95.9) | 32(100.0) | 84(94.4) | | | Multiple | 5(4.1) | 0(0) | 5(5.6) | | | Urinary tract infection | | | | 0.024 | | Yes | 55(45.5) | 20(62.5) | 35(39.3) | | | No | 66(54.5) | 12(37.5) | 54(60.7) | | | Hypertension | | | | 0.436 | | Yes | 46(38.0) | 14(43.8) | 32(36.0) | | | No | 75(62.0) | 18(56.2) | 57(64.0) | | | Diabetes mellitus | | | | 0.001 | | Yes | 22(18.2) | 12(37.5) | 10(11.2) | | | No | 99(81.8) | 20(62.5) | 79(88.8) | | | Antiplatelet therapy | | | | 0.567 | | Yes | 7(5.8) | 3(9.4) | 4(4.5) | | | No | 114(94.2) | 29(90.6) | 85(95.5) | | | Anticoagulation therapy | | | | 1.000 | | Yes | 4(3.3) | 1(3.1) | 3(3.4) | | | No | 117(96.7) | 31(96.9) | 86(96.6) | | | History of operation | | | | 0.831 | | None | 67(55.4) | 18(56.3) | 49(55.1) | | | ESWL | 13(10.7) | 4(12.5) | 9(10.1) | | | PCNL and/or POS | 41(33.9) | 10(31.2) | 31(34.8) | | | Operation site | | | | 0.260 | | Right | 54(44.6) | 17(53.1) | 37(41.6) | | | Left | 67(55.4) | 15(46.9) | 52(58.4) | | | Puncture site | | | | 0.246 | | Upper calyx | 17(14.0) | 5(15.6) | 12(13.5) | | | Middle calyx | 64(52.9) | 13(40.6) | 51(57.3) | | | Inferior calyx | 40(33.1) | 14(43.8) | 26(29.2) | | | Hemoglobin decrease (g/L) | 26.4 ± 24.6 | 58.3 ± 18.5 | 15.3 ± 14.7 | <0.001 | | Numbers of patients receiving transfusion | | | | <0.001 | | Yes | 38(31.4) | 18(56.3) | 20(22.5) | | | No | 83(68.6) | 14(43.8) | 69(77.5) | | | Units of transfusion | | 6.7 ± 4.4 | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 0.001 | | Duration of hospitalization (days) | | 7.5 ± 4.1 | 4.2 ± 1.5 | <0.001 |
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ESWL: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; PCNL: percutaneous nephrolithotomy; POS: previous ipsilateral open renal surgery. P<0.05. |
