The Prevalence and Health Impacts of Frequent Work Discrimination and Harassment among Women Firefighters in the US Fire Service
Table 3
Odds Ratios and Confidence Intervals.
Work Discrimination & Harassment Severity (CWDH-A)
Low Severity
Medium Severity
High Severity
(Referent Group)
Variable
OR (CI)
OR (CI)
Discrimination & Harassment
Verbal Harassment
-
3.49 (2.58 to 4.70)
14.20 (10.54 to 19.13)
Written Harassment
-
2.70 (1.64 to 4.44)
8.30 (5.26 to 13.10)
Hazing
-
3.37 (2.09 to 5.44)
12.41 (7.97 to 19.32)
Sexual Advances
-
2.57 (1.97 to 3.37)
6.00 (4.61 to 7.82)
Assault
-
5.38 (2.04 to 14.15)
13.13 (5.23 to 32.96)
Physical Health
Poor Health Days
-
1.03 (0.96 to 1.10)
1.42 (1.33 to 1.51)
Injury Risk
-
1.35 (1.07 to 1.71)
2.21 (1.75 to 2.78)
Mental Health
Depression
-
1.74 (1.29 to 2.34)
4.20 (3.25 to 5.67)
PTSD
-
1.25 (0.81 to 1.93)
2.67 (1.82 to 3.93)
Health Behaviors
Alcohol (CAGE)
-
1.47 (1.04 to 2.07)
1.54 (1.09 to 2.17)
Driving Intoxicated
-
2.71 (1.33 to 5.50)
2.10 (0.98 to 4.32)Ɨ
Job Outcomes
Work-related stress
-
1.52 (1.14 to 2.03)
3.36 (2.57 to 4.40)
Stress-Interfering
-
1.74 (0.63 to 4.83)
6.79 (2.85 to 16.19)
Optimism
-
0.55 (0.41 to 0.72)
0.23 (0.18 to 0.30)
Satisfaction
-
0.48 (0.35 to 0.67)
0.18 (0.13 to 0.25)
Recommend FF
-
0.57 (0.43 to 0.75)
0.31 (0.24 to 0.41)
Happy with Career
-
0.43 (0.31 to 0.60)
0.19 (0.14 to 0.25)
Happy rest of career
-
0.65 (0.42 to 0.99)
0.38 (0.26 to 0.57)
Family Well-Being
Stress on Family
-
1.69 (1.33 to 2.15)
2.91 (2.30 to 3.70)
Note: Odds Ratios given with confidence interval. Logistic Regression, Poisson Model. Statistically significant (p<0.001); Statistically significant (p<0.05); Statistically significant difference between medium and high severity groups.