Therapeutic Effect of Dunaliella salina Microalgae on Thioacetamide- (TAA-) Induced Hepatic Liver Fibrosis in Rats: Role of TGF-β and MMP9

Table 2

Effects of D. salina powder on serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers.

	Normal control	TAA	Silymarin (100 mg/kg)	D. salina powder (100 mg/kg)	D. salina powder (200 mg/kg)
TNF-α (Pg/ml)	600.00 ± 8.94	808.00 ± 17.15^a	690.00 ± 26.83^ab	655.00 ± 11.18^b	610.00 ± 4.47^b
TNF-α (% of TAA control)			85	81	75
IL-6 (Pg/ml)	69.40 ± 4.73	313.80 ± 28.34^a	101.80 ± 0.80^b	71.20 ± 6.02^b	69.62 ± 4.74^b
IL-6 (% of TAA control)			32	23	22
TGF-β (ng/L)	34.33 ± 0.70	65.07 ± 0.80^a	40.30 ± 1.38^ab	47.47 ± 1.27^ab	39.80 ± 0.20^ab
TGF-β (% of TAA control)			62	73	61

Data are presented as mean ± SE for each group (n = 8) and % of the TAA group. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. ^aStatistically significant from the control group. ^bStatistically significant from the TAA group at .