The Accuracy of 3D Printing Assistance in the Spinal Deformity Surgery

Figure 4

(a) The drill template is the female die (dotted line) on the target zone of the patient’s spine. In practice, the target zone should be carefully selected to avoid inapplicability (box). (b) The sharply curved template (dotted line) generates high friction between the template and the target zone (arrowhead), resulting in a gap that causes inaccuracy. (c) The smoothly curved template (dotted line) creates a close fit between the template and the target zone (arrowhead), insuring the planned trajectory.

(a)

(b)

(c)