Increasing Nutrient Solution pH Alleviated Aluminum-Induced Inhibition of Growth and Impairment of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain in Citrus sinensis Seedlings

Figure 2

Effects of pH and Al interactions on (a) CO₂ assimilation, (b) stomatal conductance (), (c) intercellular CO₂ concentration (), (d) ratio of intercellular to ambient CO₂ concentration (/), (e) transpiration rate, and (f) WUE in C. sinensis leaves. Bars represent means ± SE (n = 5). Different letters above the bars indicate a significant difference at P < 0.05. NS, and indicate nonsignificant and significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively.