New Antibacterial Paper Made of Silver Phosphate Cellulose Fibers: A Preliminary Study on the Elimination of Staphylococcus aureus Involved in Diabetic Foot Ulceration

Table 1

Characteristics of dressing from the industry with silver and its antimicrobial effect.

Dressing	Material	Silver composition	Antimicrobial effect
Aquacel Ag extra (ConvaTec, Deeside, UK) [30]	2 nonwoven layers of sodium CMC fibers	Approximately 1.2% w/w or 0.17 mg/cm^2	After 30 min up to 14 days
Acticoat 7 (Smith & Nephew, London, UK) [31]	3 layers of a metallic (nano) crystalline silver-encrusted HDPE mesh alternating with two layers of a rayon polyester nonwoven fabric, bonded at intervals by ultrasonic welding of the HDPE	Approximately 8.4% w/w or 1.48 mg/cm^2	After 30 min up to 7 days
Silvercel (Acelity, San Antonio, USA) [32]	Nonwoven fabric comprised of a blend of metallic silver-coated nylon fibers and calcium alginate/CMC fibers between two apertured sheets of EMA	Approximately 4% w/w or 1.11 mg/cm^2 silver	Up to 7 days
Gauze (Alliance, MedicalMart, Mississauga Canada)	2 layers of nonwoven cotton (cellulose)	None	None (control)

CMC: carboxymethylcellulose; w/w: weight/weight; HDPE: high-density polyethylene; EMA: ethylene methyl acrylate.