Research Article
Development and Experimental Verification of an Ergonomic Backpack
Table 3
Mean (SD) of the %MVC for all muscles.
| | Parameters | Mean (SD) | Statistics () | | Backpack type | Developed schoolbag | Commercial schoolbag | Backpack type () | Load percentage () | Interaction() | | Load percentage | 10% | 15% | 20% | 10% | 15% | 20% |
| | Right TR | 4.55(2.73) | 4.60(2.37) | 4.89(2.55) | 6.25(2.72) | 6.42(3.87) | 7.81(4.92) | 0.013(0.193) | 0.015(0.135) | 0.0001(0.376) | | Left TR | 7.51(6.81) | 7.85(8.09) | 8.33(6.92) | 9.98(5.38) | 10.33(9.14) | 12.65(10.09) | 0.011(0.204) | 0.017(0.130) | 0.0001(0.472) | | Right ES | 17.57(8.69) | 15.60(8.58) | 15.15(9.19) | 18.95(9.09) | 18.18(7.72) | 19.82(8.45) | 0.009(0.213) | 0.339(0.037) | 0.079(0.088) | | Left ES | 19.08(7.52) | 18.49(7.50) | 15.76(4.96) | 18.67(6.89) | 18.67(8.43) | 20.84(7.32) | 0.0001(0.381) | 0.001(0.232) | 0.209(0.053) | | Right Ab | 51.05(34.5) | 54.57(39.58) | 61.79(48.40) | 63.53(47.33) | 63.96(50.39) | 65.59(50.55) | 0.01(0.209) | 0.023(0.126) | 0.115(0.078) | | Left Ab | 28.93(13.1) | 31.04(14.59) | 33.80(15.92) | 37.76(17.57) | 36.35(18) | 37.97(16.40) | 005(0.238) | 0.041(0.105) | 0.099(0.077) |
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Significant effect at ; significant effect at ; significant effect at TR: trapezius muscles; ES: erector spinae; Ab: abdominal muscles. |
