Research Article
Predicting Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis among Chinese Children and Adolescents
Table 2
Association between potential risk factors and AIS among Chinese children and adolescents (
).
| Variables | AIS: model 1a | AIS: model 2b | | OR | 95% CI | | AOR | 95% CI | |
| Gender | | | | | | | Boys | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Girls | 3.26 | 2.69-3.96 | <0.001 | 1.88 | 1.43-2.48 | <0.001 | Age (1-year increase) | 1.14 | 1.08-1.19 | <0.001 | 1.09 | 1.02-1.17 | 0.016 | Shoulder-height difference | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Left shoulder height | 6.56 | 4.92-8.74 | <0.001 | 2.98 | 1.88-4.72 | <0.001 | Right shoulder height | 9.81 | 6.93-13.89 | <0.001 | 4.17 | 2.49-7.01 | <0.001 | Scapular tilt | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Tilt to the left | 11.71 | 8.89-15.41 | <0.001 | 2.23 | 1.43-3.46 | <0.001 | Tilt to the right | 16.55 | 11.75-23.30 | <0.001 | 2.53 | 1.53-4.16 | <0.001 | Lumbar concave | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Left concave | 10.56 | 7.09-15.72 | <0.001 | 2.61 | 1.55-4.40 | <0.001 | Right concave | 9.15 | 6.62-12.66 | <0.001 | 2.67 | 1.77-4.03 | <0.001 | Pelvic tilt | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Tilt to the left | 3.66 | 2.26-5.94 | <0.001 | 0.43 | 0.23-0.81 | 0.009 | Tilt to the right | 12.60 | 6.91-22.99 | <0.001 | 1.83 | 0.91-3.71 | 0.093 | Flat back | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Abnormal | 4.59 | 0.99-21.32 | 0.052 | 1.39 | 0.25-7.89 | 0.707 | Thoracic kyphosis | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Abnormal | 3.82 | 1.82-8.03 | <0.001 | 1.48 | 0.62-3.57 | 0.381 | Lumbar kyphosis | | | | | | | Normal | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Abnormal | 0.51 | 0.09-2.77 | 0.431 | 0.32 | 0.04-2.59 | 0.282 | Angle of thoracic rotation | | | | | | | Normal (ATR: 0-5°) | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Rotate to the left () | 7.55 | 4.50-12.66 | <0.001 | 5.18 | 2.85-9.44 | <0.001 | Rotate to the right () | 14.41 | 9.34-22.23 | <0.001 | 10.06 | 6.11-16.56 | <0.001 | Angle of thoracolumbar rotation | | | | | | | Normal (ATR: 0-5°) | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Rotate to the left () | 5.11 | 2.47-10.57 | <0.001 | 7.22 | 3.18-16.38 | <0.001 | Rotate to the right () | 3.60 | 1.96-6.60 | <0.001 | 4.67 | 2.28-9.55 | <0.001 | Angle of lumbar rotation | | | | | | | Normal (ATR: 0-5°) | 1.00 | | | 1.00 | | | Rotate to the left () | 7.25 | 5.38-9.77 | <0.001 | 6.97 | 4.84-10.05 | <0.001 | Rotate to the right () | 8.52 | 5.09-14.26 | <0.001 | 8.09 | 4.46-14.68 | <0.001 |
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Abbreviations: AIS: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; OR: odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; ATR: angle of trunk rotation. aModel 1 is a univariate logistic regression model. bModel 2 is a multivariate logistic regression model.
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