Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Lateral Epicondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Summary of study and patient characteristics.

Study (year)	Country	Subjects per intervention	Intervention	Age (year)	M/F	Medical history	Outcome	Pulses	Energy density/pressure
Rompe [21] (1996)	Germany	50/50	ESWT; Placebo	43.9; 41.9	42/58	24.8 m; 21.9 m	VAS	1000	0.08 mJ/mm^2
Haake [22] (2002)	Germany	134/137	ESWT; Placebo	46.9; 46.3	128/143	27.6 m; 22.8 m	VAS	2000	0.07-0.09 mJ/mm^2
Speed [23] (2002)	England	40/35	ESWT; Placebo	46.5; 48.2	33/42	15.9 m; 12 m	VAS	1500	0.12 mJ/mm^2
Rompe [24] (2004)	Germany	34/36	ESWT; Placebo	45.9; 46.2	36/34	>12 m	VAS, grip strength	2000	0.09 mJ/mm^2
Pettrone [25] (2005)	America	56/58	ESWT; Placebo	>18; >18	—	>6 m	VAS, grip strength	2000	0.06 mJ/mm^2
Staples [26] (2008)	America	33/30	ESWT; Placebo	49.8; 49.1	37/26	52.6w; 68w	VAS	2000	0.03 mJ/mm^2
Ozturan [27] (2010)	Turkey	19/18/20	ESWT/ABI/CSI	47/44/45.8	25/32	9.6 m/10 m/9.5 m	VAS, grip strength	2000	0.17 mJ/mm^2
Devrimsel [28] (2014)	Turkey	30/30	ESWT; Laser	37.76; 40.30	—	14.16 m; 13.43 m	VAS, grip strength	—	—
Capan [29] (2016)	Turkey	23/22	ESWT; Placebo	48.4; 46.2	10/35	7.9 m; 7.7 m	VAS, grip strength	2000	1.8 bar
Yang [15] (2017)	China	15/13	ESWT; Physiotherapy	50.93; 51.08	12/16	6.53 m; 7.31 m	VAS, grip strength	2000	0.7 mJ/mm^2
Aydin [1] (2018)	Turkey	32/35	ESWT; WESs	38.84; 37.94	34/33	—	VAS, grip strength	2000	1.6-1.8 bar
Eraslan [30] (2018)	Turkey	15/15/15	ESWT/physiotherapy/kinesiotaping	48/47.2/48.5	—	—	VAS	2000	0.06-0.12 mJ/mm^2
Guler [31] (2018)	Turkey	20/20	ESWT; Placebo	46.3/45.8	12/28	>3 m	VAS, grip strength	1500	2.4 bar

ESWT: extracorporeal shock wave therapy; ABI: autologous blood injection; CSI: corticosteroid injection; WESs: wrist-extensor splints; VAS: visual analogue scale.