Indications Selection for Surgeons Training in the Translaminar Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy Based on Finite Element Analysis

Figure 4

The simulation of PED by beginners and experienced surgeons. (a) Armpit-type LDH. (b) Periradicular-type LDH. (c) Shoulder-type LDH.

(a)

(b)

(c)