[Retracted] High-Fat Diet Promotes DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Downregulated FXR Expression through the TGFB Pathway

Figure 3

FXR extenuate the tissue damage in DSS-induced mice in a TGFB signaling-dependent way: (a) Western blot detects the TGFBRI and p-smad2 protein expression level in mouse colon on combination treatment with DSS, HFD, FexD, and TGFBRI inhibitor SB431542 for 2 weeks; (b) Western blot detects the TGFBRI and p-smad2 protein expression level in Caco2 cell line on combination treatment with TNF-α, PA, FexD, and TGFBRI inhibitor SB431542 for 12 hours; (c–f) RNA was isolated to assess the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-8) in four different treatments by qRT-PCR. , , and and for each group.