| | Authors and year | Animal model, | Type of scaffold | Length of repair (cm) | Follow-up (weeks) | Functional outcomes of recipient site | Regeneration outcomes of recipient site |
| | Liatsikos et al. (2001) [58] | Pig (F), 6 | SIS (onlay) | 7 | 7 | Good patency and anastomoses | U, S, N | | Smith et al. (2002) [59] | Pig (F), 9 | SIS (onlay) | 2 | 9 | Good patency | U (with focal intestinal metaplasia), S, N | | Greca et al. (2004) [68] | Pig, 10 | SIS (onlay) | 2 | 5.7 | Good patency in 7, fistula in 1, restenosis in 2 | U and N (in 100% cases), S (in 87.5%) | | Duchene et al. (2004) [69] | Pig, 12 | SIS (onlay in 5, tube in 7) | 2 | 6 or 9 | Patent in patch group, complete obstruction in tube group | Patch group: U, S, Fi, and I (mild); tube group: U, S (partial), F (dense) | | El-Hakim et al. (2005) [70] | Pig (F), 8 | SIS (tube)+UCs/SMCs | 5 | 6 | Contraction and stenosis | U, S, Fi (dense) | | de Jonge et al. (2018) [71] | Pig (F), 20 | Collagen-Vicryl (tube) | 5 | 12.8 | Contraction | U (in 32% cases), S (in 50%), N | | de Jonge et al. (2018) [72] | Goat (F), 12 | Collagen-Vicryl (tube)+subcutis | 1.5-3.5 | 12.8 | Patent in 8, urine leakage in 2, stenosis in 2 | U, N, S (limited to the anastomosis sites), I (mild) |
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