Kupffer Cell-Derived TNF-α Triggers the Apoptosis of Hepatic Stellate Cells through TNF-R1/Caspase 8 due to ER Stress

Figure 2

ER stress in KCs increased the number of KCs with an M1 phenotype and the secretion of TNF-α and reduced the number of active HSCs in a rat model. (a) The levels of PERK, IRE1α, GRP78, and ATF6 were detected by Western blot. (b) Quantitative analysis of Western blots. (c) The M1 phenotype of KCs was detected by immunohistochemical staining. (d) The serum level of TNF-α was detected by immunohistochemical staining. (A) Control group, (B) model group, (C) ER stress group, and (D) depletion group. ^#ER stress group vs. model group, ER stress group vs. depletion group, . (e) The level of desmin was detected by Western blot. (f) Quantitative analysis of Western blots. (g) Active HSCs were detected by immunohistochemical staining. (A) Control group, (B) model group, (C) ER stress group, and (D) depletion group. Model group vs. control group. ^#ER stress group vs. model group. ER stress group vs. depletion group, .

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