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BioMed Research International

BioMed Research International / 2020 / Article / Tab 2

Research Article

Effectiveness of Low-Frequency Stimulation in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques for Post Ankle Sprain Balance and Proprioception in Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Summary of statistical results of the mixed ANOVA and pooled means and standard deviations of all variable measures.
VariablesGroup 1
(TENS-PNF)
Group 2
(PNF)
Control group (CG)		Mean (standard deviation)Mixed ANOVA ( value)
Pre
(1)		3rd week
(2)		5th week
(3)		Interaction (group and time) effect ( value)Group () effect ( value)Time () effect ( value)
Pain VAS (cm)TENS-PNF0.608 (0.01)0.192 (0.002)0.674 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Knee to wall (cm)TENS-PNF0.661 (0.01)0.482 (0.01)0.661 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Dorsi proprioceptionTENS-PNF0.438 (0.01)0.141 (0.01)0.390 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Plantar proprioceptionEG 10.520 (0.01)0.244 (0.01)0.439 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Dorsiflexion ROMTENS-PNF0.655 (0.01)0.064 (0.15)#0.622 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Plantarflexion ROMTENS-PNF0.729 (0.01)0.148 (0.01)0.693 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Dorsiflexion MSTENS-PNF0.741 (0.01)0.298 (0.01)0.736 (0.01)
PNF
CG
Plantarflexion MSTENS-PNF0.594 (0.01)0.218 (0.01)0.541 (0.01)
PNF
CG
FADI scoreTENS-PNF0.678 (0.01)0.078 (0.098)#0.651 (0.01)
PNF
CG
VAS: Visual Analogue Scale; ROM: range of motion; MS: muscle strength; FADI: the Foot and Ankle Disability Index score. Significant effect (). #Nonsignificant.

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