Risk Factors of Portal Vein Thrombosis after Devascularization Treatment in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Nested Case-Control Study

Table 3

Univariate analysis of risk factors for thrombosis during follow-up.

Factor		PVT ()	Without PVT ()
Age (years old)				0.859
First bleeding time from surgery (years)		0.4 (0.17~0.80)	0.4 (0.20-1.00)	0.649; (0.766)
Meld score				0.120
Spleen length (cm)				0.126
Spleen width (cm)				0.742
Spleen thickness (cm)		6 (5~6.5)	6 (5-6)	0.802; (0.594)
Red blood cell (×10^12/L)				0.987
Hemoglobin (g/L)				0.903
White blood cell (×10^9/L)				0.423
Platelet (×10^9/L)				0.968
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)				0.779
Conjugated bilirubin (μmol/L)		6.7 (5.4~10.5)	5.8 (4.7~7.8)	0.394; (0.614)
Albumin (g/L)				0.067
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)				0.684
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)				0.881
Creatinine (μmol/L)				0.051
Urea (mmol/L)		5.2 (3.4~7.1)	4.7 (3.8~5.3)	0.650; (0.687)
Uric acid (μmol/L)				0.361
Activated partial thromboplastin time (s)				0.287
International normalization ratio				0.395
Thrombin time (s)				0.694
Prothrombin time (s)				0.169
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)				0.625
Portal vein diameter (mm)				0.068
Portal vein flow rate (m/s)				0.580
Postoperative platelets (×10^9/L)				0.536
Platelet differences between preoperative and postoperative (×10^9/L)				0.486
Postoperative portal vein trunk diameter (mm)		11 (10~12)	11 (10~12)	0.367; (0.548)
Postoperative portal vein trunk flow rate (m/s)				0.545
Spleen volume (cm^3)				0.272
Previous history of endoscopic treatment	No	12 (63.2%)	28 (77.8%)	0.177
	Yes	7 (36.8%)	8 (22.2%)
Child-Pugh grade	A	15 (78.9%)	24 (68.6%)	0.416
	B	4 (21.1%)	11 (31.4%)
Gender	Female	8 (42.1%)	12 (34.3%)	0.520
	Male	11 (57.9%)	23 (65.7%)
Abdominal surgery history	No	17 (89.5%)	31 (88.6%)	1.0
	Yes	2 (10.5%)	4 (11.4%)
Combined devascularization	No	7 (36.8%)	10 (25.7%)	0.392
	Yes	12 (63.2%)	26 (74.3%)
Peripheral blood vessel dissection	No	12 (70.9%)	26 (74.3%)	0.392
	Yes	7 (36.8%)	10 (25.7%)
Hypertension	No	15 (78.9%)	33 (94.3%)	0.169
	Yes	4 (21.1%)	2 (5.7%)
Diabetes	No	14 (73.7%)	31 (88.6%)	0.251
	Yes	5 (26.3%)	4 (11.4%)
Smoking	No	17 (89.5%)	31 (88.6%)	1.0
	Yes	2 (10.5%)	4 (11.4%)
History of blood transfusion	No	9 (47.4%)	20 (57.1%)	0.492
	Yes	10 (52.6%)	15 (42.9%)
Grade of splenomegaly	0	4 (21.1%)	16 (45.7%)	0.046; (0.160)
	I	4 (21.1%)	6 (17.1%)
	II	1 (5.3%)	4 (11.4%)
	III	10 (52.6%)	9 (25.7%)
Grade of esophageal varices	No	1 (5.3%)	0 (0%)	0.229; (0.170)
	Mild	0 (0%)	1 (2.9%)
	Moderate	1 (5.3%)	8 (22.9%)
	Severe	17 (89.5%)	26 (74.3%)
With gastric varices	No	7 (36.8%)	13 (37.1%)	0.983
	Yes	12 (63.2%)	22 (62.9%)
Ascites	No	14 (73.7%)	26 (74.3%)	1
	Yes	5 (26.3%)	9 (25.7%)
Hepatic encephalopathy	No	18 (94.7%)	35 (100%)	0.352
	Yes	1 (5.3%)	0
Posthepatitic cirrhosis	No	8 (42.1%)	15 (42.9%)	0.957
	Yes	11 (57.9%)	20 (57.1%)

using the K–S test for data that were not normally distributed. Nonparametric tests were used to compare the groups. The results of Student’s -test are also included. Graded variables. The rank-sum test was used to compare the groups, and the chi-square test results are also included.