Prostate Health Index and Prostate Health Index Density as Diagnostic Tools for Improved Prostate Cancer Detection
Table 1
Clinicopathological characteristics of the study cohort.
PCa cases ()
Epstein’s criteria
ISUP grade
All cohort
Benign cases
HGPIN at biopsy
PCa cases
NCS PCa
CS PCa
<2
≥2
Patients, (%)
210 (100)
98 (46.7)
24 (11.4)
112 (53.3)
31 (27.7)
81 (72.3)
72 (64.3)
40 (35.7)
Age (years)
Median
62
63
66
62
57
62
60.5
62.5
#
#
#
PV (mL)
Median
43
50
50
34
47
32
37
33
#
#
#
#
Biopsy:
Primary, (%)
172 (81.9)
72 (73.5)
17 (70.8)
100 (89.3)
27 (87.1)
73 (90.1)
64 (88.9)
36 (90)
Repeated, (%)
38 (18.1)
26 (26.5)
7 (29.2)
12 (10.7)
4 (12.9)
8 (9.9)
8 (11.1)
4 (10)
tPSA (ng/mL)
Median
3.90
3.58
3.81
3.99
3.17
4.39
3.94
4.34
PSAD (ng/mL/cc)
Median
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.08
0.13
0.10
0.13
#
#
#
#
fPSA (ng/mL)
Median
0.59
0.63
0.69
0.55
0.58
0.50
0.56
0.50
#
#
#
%fPSA
Median
15.50
17.00
18.00
13.00
18.00
11.00
15.50
10.50
#
#
#
#
p2PSA (pg/mL)
Median
11.36
11.16
11.13
11.48
11.61
11.37
11.57
11.41
%p2PSA
Median
2.02
1.82
2.00
2.21
1.89
2.29
2.10
2.39
#
#
phi
Median
40.19
35.03
36.85
46.36
36.4
49.74
42.91
51.62
#
#
#
PHID
Median
0.98
0.65
0.80
1.31
0.85
1.51
1.13
1.59
#
#
#
#
Abbreviations: CS: clinically significant; fPSA: free prostate-specific antigen; %fPSA: free to total PSA ratio; HGPIN: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia; ISUP: International Society of Urological Pathology; : number of cases; NCS: not clinically significant; PCa: prostate cancer; PSAD: PSA density; PV: prostate volume; phi: Prostate Health Index; PHID: phi density; SD: standard deviation; tPSA: total PSA; %p2PSA: p2PSA to fPSA ratio. for Student’s -test or Wilcoxon singed rank test vs. non-PCa cases. for Pearson’s chi-squared test. # for Wilcoxon singed rank test vs. HGPIN.
