Association between Periodontal Disease and Comorbidities in Saudi’s Eastern Province
Table 2
Association between CAL and DM with other comorbidities.
Factor
Model 1 DM
Model 2 DM & HTN
Model 3 DM & hyperlipidemia
Model 4 DM & CHD
(95% CI)
value
(95% CI)
value
(95% CI)
value
(95% CI)
value
Age
>50
1.05 (-0.97, 2.49)
0.34
1.36 (-0.53, 3.11)
0.14
1.47 (-0.35, 3.17)
0.08
1.76 (-0.13, 3.42)
0.07
25-50
1.43 (0.07, 2.76)
0.04
1.51 (0.13, 2.84)
0.03
1.53 (0.21, 2.90)
0.03
1.52 (0.14, 2.95)
0.03
18-<25
Reference
Reference
Reference
Reference
Gender
Males
0.73 (-2.09, 0.63)
0.29
0.57 (-1.94, 0.81)
0.42
0.57 (-1.92, 0.81)
0.41
0.47 (-1.86, 0.91)
0.50
Females
Reference
Reference
Reference
Reference
Nationality
Saudi
0.49 (-0.50, 1.57)
0.32
0.41 (-0.59, 1.42)
0.25
0.32 (-0.68, -1.32)
0.53
0.40 (-0.61, 1.41)
0.44
Non-Saudi
Reference
Reference
Reference
Reference
Smoking
Yes
0.30 (-1.10, 1.67)
0.67
0.39 (-1.07, 1.86)
0.59
0.31 (-1.12, 1.73)
0.67
0.14 (-1.28, 1.56)
0.85
No
Reference
Reference
Reference
Reference
Number of missing teeth
>5
0.89 (-2.66, 0.81)
0.33
0.66 (-2.45, 1.12)
0.47
0.51 (-2.29, 1.28)
0.58
0.61 (-2.34, 1.19)
0.52
3-5
1.18 (0.09, 2.60)
0.02
1.15 (0.16, 2.75)
0.02
1.16 (0.14, 2.76)
0.02
1.22 (0.22, 3.22)
0.01
0-2
Reference
Reference
Reference
Reference
Comorbidity
Yes
1.88 (0.43, 3.40)
0.01
2.01 (0.49, 3.75)
0.04
1.78 (-2.24, 3.01)
0.11
0.96 (-3.04, 4.82)
0.81
No
Reference
Reference
Reference
Reference
Model 1: effect of DM on CALs with other confounders controlled, adjusted , value = 0.004. Model 2: effect of DM and HTN on CALs with other confounders controlled, adjusted , value = 0.01. Model 3: effect of DM and hyperlipidemia on CAL with other confounders controlled, adjusted , value = 0.01. Model 4: effect of DM and CHD on CAL with other confounders controlled, adjusted , value = 0.02.
