Efficacy and Safety of Qingpeng Ointment for Subacute and Chronic Eczema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

GRADE summary of included studies.

Outcomes	Intervention	Effect		Number of participants (studies)	Quality of the evidence (GRADE)
		Relative effect (95% CI)	Absolute effect (95%)
TER	QP versus placebo	RR:2.60 (2.11 to 3.21)	370 more per 1000 (from 257 more to 511 more)	682 (7 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a
	QP versus TCS	RR:0.96 (0.88 to 1.03)	29 fewer per 1000 (from 88 fewer to 22 more)	1028 (10 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a
	QP + TCS versus TCS	RR:1.44 (1.28 to 1.62)	240 more per 1000 (from 153 more to 338 more)	604 (7 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a
TSS	QP versus placebo	—	SMD:2.35 lower (3.74 lower to 0.97 lower)	536 (5 studies)	⊕⊕⊖⊖ Low^a,b
	QP versus TCS^1	—	SMD: 0.05 lower (0.22 lower to 0.12 higher)	524 (3 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a
	QP versus TCS^2	—	SMD: 0.52 higher (0.20 higher to 0.84 higher)	153 (2 studies)	⊕⊕⊖⊖ Low^a,c
	QP + TCS versus TCS^3	—	SMD:0.83 lower (1.10 lower to 0.56 lower)	235 (3 studies)	⊕⊕⊖⊖ Low^a,c
	QP + TCS versus TCS^4	—	SMD: 1.26 lower (1.51 lower to 1.00 lower)	296 (3 studies)	⊕⊕⊖⊖ Low^a,c
VAS for pruritus	QP versus placebo	—	MD: 3.86 lower (4.41 lower to 3.31 lower)	60 (1 study)	⊕⊕⊖⊖ Low^a,c
	QP versus TCS	—	SMD: 0.48 higher (0.00 to 0.96 higher)	167 (2 studies)	⊕⊖⊖⊖ Very Low^a,b,c
	QP + TCS versus TCS	—	MD: 0.88 lower (1.25 lower to 0.50 lower)	259 (3 studies)	⊕⊕⊖⊖ Low^a,c
Skin irritative reaction	QP versus placebo	RR:1.47 (0.61 to 3.55)	9 more per 1000 (from 8 fewer to 51 more)	700 (7 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a
	QP versus TCS	RR:1.82 (0.79 to 4.22)	10 more per 1000 (from 2 fewer to 38 more)	1189 (12 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a
	QP + TCS versus TCS	RR:0.69 (0.27 to 1.78)	13 fewer per 1000 (from 29 fewer to 31 more)	449 (5 studies)	⊕⊕⊕⊖ Moderate^a

TER: total efficacy rate; TSS: total symptom score; VAS: visual analogue scale; QP: Qingpeng ointment; TCS: topical corticosteroid; ¹Qingpeng ointment versus medium or low potency TCS; ²Qingpeng ointment versus medium-high potency TCS; ³Qingpeng ointment combined with medium or low potency TCS versus medium or low potency TCS; ⁴Qingpeng ointment combined with medium-high or high potency TCS versus medium-high or high potency TCS; ^asuboptimal methodological quality; ^bthe significant heterogeneity among the studies; ^cthe total number of events was less than 400.