Effect of Serum Albumin Changes on Mortality in Patients with Peritoneal Dialysis: A Joint Modeling Approach and Personalized Dynamic Risk Predictions

Table 1

Biochemical, clinical, and demographic findings of the study group ().

Characteristic	Summary statistics
Age
BMI at PD initiation (kg/m^2)
Gender, male	238 (57.1)
PD modality, CAPD	364 (87.3)
Prior RRT
First-ever PD	363 (87.1)
Hemodialysis (HD)	54 (12.9)
Cause of ESRD^†
Diabetes mellitus (DM)	145 (34.8)
Glomerulonephritis	38 (9.1)
Hypertension	62 (14.9)
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)	19 (4.6)
Unknown	112 (27.1)
Other	41 (9.8)
Comorbidity
Cardiovascular disease	92 (22.1)
Lung disease	13 (3.1)
Hepatitis	60 (14.4)
Total number of comorbid/renal diseases^a	1 [0-5]
Peritonitis rate (episodes/patient-year)	0.32 [0, 5.33]
Serum albumin (g/dL)^††	3.57 [1.75, 4.75]
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)^††	53.6 [18.5, 119]
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)^††	7.35 [2.2, 18.48]
Serum calcium (mg/dL)
WBC (×1000/mm^3)^††	7.44 [3.6, 14.22]
Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)	89 [2.0, 2059.8]
GFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	7.99 [0, 27.8]

Summarized using , frequency (percentage), or median [minimum, maximum] where appropriate. BMI: body mass index; WBC: white blood cell counts; ESRD: early-stage renal disease; GFR: glomerular filtration rate. ^aTotal number of comorbid and renal diseases observed in a patient. ^†Patients might have more than one disease causing ESRD. ^††Averaged over follow-up period.