Body Mass Index Is Associated with the Severity and All-Cause Mortality of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: An Analysis of a Large Critical Care Database
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of participants according to BMI category ().
Characteristic
BMI (kg/m2)
value
Underweight <18.5
Normal ≥18.5, <25
Overweight ≥25, <30
Obese ≥30
Clinical parameters ()
378
4683
5084
5029
BMI (kg/m2)
<0.001
Age (years)
<0.001
Gender, (%)
<0.001
Female
225 (59.52)
2000 (42.71)
1672 (32.89)
2056 (40.88)
Male
153 (40.48)
2683 (57.29)
3412 (67.11)
2973 (59.12)
Ethnicity, (%)
0.023
White
260 (68.78)
3296 (70.38)
3658 (71.95)
3622 (72.02)
Black
46 (12.17)
414 (8.84)
405 (7.97)
452 (8.99)
Other
72 (19.05)
973 (20.78)
1021 (20.08)
955 (18.99)
SBP (mmHg)
0.501
DBP (mmHg)
0.001
MBP (mmHg)
0.245
Heart rate (beats/minute)
0.006
Respiratory rate (beats/minute)
<0.001
Temperature (°C)
<0.001
SPO2
<0.001
Comorbidities, (%)
Congestive heart failure
71 (18.78)
816 (17.42)
766 (15.07)
868 (17.26)
0.003
Cardiac arrhythmias
65 (17.20)
891 (19.03)
824 (16.21)
917 (18.23)
0.002
Valvular disease
28 (7.41)
332 (7.09)
241 (4.74)
263 (5.23)
<0.001
Hypertension
55 (14.55)
749 (15.99)
815 (16.03)
824 (16.38)
0.794
Renal disease
75 (19.84)
907 (19.37)
977 (19.22)
973 (19.35)
0.994
Liver disease
29 (7.67)
352 (7.52)
349 (6.86)
410 (8.15)
0.109
Uncomplicated diabetes
38 (10.05)
784 (16.74)
1084 (21.32)
1556 (30.94)
<0.001
Complicated diabetes
27 (7.14)
303 (6.47)
397 (7.81)
569 (11.31)
<0.001
Metastatic cancer
20 (5.29)
189 (4.04)
179 (3.52)
127 (2.53)
<0.001
Coagulopathy
68 (17.99)
711 (15.18)
740 (14.56)
712 (14.16)
0.145
Laboratory parameters
Anion gap (mmol/L)
<0.001
Bicarbonate (mmol/L)
<0.001
Creatinine (mEq/L)
<0.001
Chloride (mmol/L)
0.079
Glucose (mg/dL)
<0.001
Hematocrit
<0.001
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
<0.001
Platelet (109/L)
<0.001
Sodium (mmol/L)
0.005
Potassium (mmol/L)
<0.001
Lactate (mmol/L)
0.130
BUN (mg/dL)
<0.001
WBC (109/L)
<0.001
PT (seconds)
0.002
APTT (seconds)
<0.001
INR
0.009
Scoring systems
SOFA
<0.001
SAPSII
<0.001
Alcohol abuse
15 (3.97)
277 (5.92)
307 (6.04)
317 (6.30)
0.307
Drug abuse
11 (2.91)
166 (3.54)
136 (2.68)
119 (2.37)
0.005
ICU LOS (day)
<0.001
AKI stage
<0.001
I
98 (25.93)
1079 (23.04)
1119 (22.01)
920 (18.29)
II
81 (21.43)
786 (16.78)
749 (14.73)
811 (16.13)
III
199 (52.65)
2818 (60.18)
3216 (63.26)
3298 (65.58)
30-day mortality, (%)
71 (18.78)
812 (17.34)
687 (13.51)
667 (13.26)
<0.001
90-day mortality, (%)
123 (32.54)
1155 (24.66)
982 (19.32)
923 (18.35)
<0.001
365-day mortality, (%)
177 (46.83)
1632 (34.85)
1363 (26.81)
1260 (25.05)
<0.001
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MBP: mean blood pressure; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; WBC: white blood cell; PT: prothrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; INR: international normalized ratio; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment; SAPSII: simplified acute physiology score II; ICU: intensive care unit; LOS: length of stay; AKI: acute kidney injury.
