Antiviral Potential of Selected Medicinal Herbs and Their Isolated Natural Products

Table 1

Preclinical investigations of viral inhibition assays of organosulfur compounds which isolate from A. sativum.

Organosulfur compound	Detection method	Virus species	Antiviral mechanism	Reference
Allicin	Direct preinfection incubation and plaque reduction assay	Herpes simplex virus-1; Herpes simplex virus-2; Parainfluenza virus-3; Vaccinia virus; Vesicular stomatitis virus; Human rhinovirus type 2	Disruption of viral envelop and; cell membrane	[32]
Alliin	Anti-inflammatory assay	Dengue virus	Inhibition of inflammation via reduction of oxidative stress	[36]
Ajoene	Anti-HIV activity	Human immunodeficiency virus-1	Prevention of induced destructions of CD+ cells	[32]
	HIV-infected platelet aggregation and fusion assays	Human immunodeficiency virus	Inhibition of adhesive bonds and fusion of leukocytes	[37]
	HIV induced cellular toxicity assay	Human immunodeficiency virus-1	Inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase and cell attachment	[38]
Allyl methyl thiosulfinate	Direct preinfection and plaque reduction assay	Herpes simplex virus-1; Herpes simplex virus-2; Parainfluenza virus-3; Vaccinia virus; Vesicular stomatitis virus; Human rhinovirus type 2	Disruption of viral envelop and; cell membrane	[32]
Diallyl trisulfide	Plaque reduction assay	Human cytomegalovirus; IAV-H1N1	Inhibit viral DNA synthesis through inhibition of HCMV immediate early antigen expression	[39]
Diallyl sulfide and Diallyl disulfide	Oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory assay	Dengue virus	Reduction of oxidative stress	[36]