3D Printing Adjustable Stiffness External Fixator for Mechanically Stimulated Healing of Tibial Fractures

Figure 4

Validation of the stress distribution between external fixator and fracture gap. (a) 3D model of the fractured bone; (b) 1 cm thickness “intact shell”; (c) assembly model of the external fixator; (d) FE model of the external fixator; (e) axial load and boundary conditions applied to the FE model.