Evaluation of Newly Developed Easy-Open Assistive Devices for Pneumatic Tube System Carriers for the Reduction of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Table 1

Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. You need to assist with the musculoskeletal symptoms questionnaire to improve your working environment.

Category	Options
Your gender:	Male	Female
Your age:	20–29 years old	30–39 years old	40–49 years old	50–59 years old	≥60 years old
Which hand do you usually use?	Right	Left
Average of hours worked: hours/day	4 hours/day	8 hours/day	9 hours/day	10 hours/day	12 hours/day
Your total years of work in our hospital: years	0 to 2	3 to 5	6 to 10	11 to 15	16 to 20	>20
Workplace Safety
In the last six months, do you have the most obvious hand/wrist discomfort at work?	Taking the test tube rack	Opening the PTS carriers	Closing the PTS carriers	Opening the transported bag	Using the computer	Drawing blood	Pipetting
In the last six months, do you have the most obvious hand/wrist discomfort at work?	Pushing a work car	Decapping the specimen	Taking the medical records	Others
Do you need to use PTS at work in the past six months?	Yes (please continue with the following questions)		No (please skip the question, physical pain symptoms, other items are not applicable)
The approximate frequency at which you perform the PTS per day	25 times	25 to 49 times	50 to 99 times	100 to 149 times	150 to 200 times	Other	N/A
Have you ever experienced the following problems when you are performing the PTS carrier? (Multiple choice)	The PTS carrier is not easy to open	Hard to apply	Hand damage	Feel the PTS carrier is too heavy	Others	N/A
How satisfied are you with the past use of the PTS (small PTS carrier)?	Very satisfied	Satisfied	Fair	Unsatisfied	Very unsatisfied	N/A
How satisfied are you with the current use of the PTS (large PTS carrier)?	Very satisfied	Satisfied	Fair	Unsatisfied	Very unsatisfied	N/A
Have the following problems been improved after improving the PTS mode? (Please check with improvement questions)	The PTS carrier is not easy to open	Hand force is not easy	Hand damage	No	N/A	Other
What is your satisfaction with the current improvement?	Very satisfied	Satisfied	Fair	Unsatisfied	Very unsatisfied	N/A
Symptoms of physical pain	★ the following questions to ask about your recent physical pain. ★ the term "pain" in the question means: For discomforts such as soreness, tenderness, tingling, or numbness that last more than a day, please read the descriptions carefully and recall their answers, and if there is no pain, click in the "O" in front of "No".
Neck
Have you ever had pain or soreness or discomfort in your neck in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, shoulder, other items are not applicable)				Yes (please continue with the following questions)
Did pain in the neck area affect your normal life or work over the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Have you had any pain in your neck in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Shoulder
Have you ever had pain or soreness or discomfort in your shoulders in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, elbow, other items are not applicable)				Yes, on both sides.	Yes, left.	Yes, right.
Did pain in the shoulder area affect your normal life or work over the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Have you also had pain in your shoulder in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Elbow
Have you ever had pain or soreness or discomfort in the elbow position in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, wrist/hand, other items are not applicable)				Yes, on both sides.	Yes, left.	Yes, right.
Did pain in the elbows affect your normal life or work over the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Have you had any pain in your elbow in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Wrist/Hand
Have you ever had pain or soreness or discomfort in your wrist/hand in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, upper back, other items are not applicable)				Yes, on both sides.	Yes, left.	Yes, right.
Did pain in the wrist/hand area affect your normal life or work in the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Do you have any pain in your wrist/hand in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Upper back
Have you ever had pain or soreness or discomfort in your upper back in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, lower back/waist, other items are not applicable)					Yes
Did upper back pain affect your normal life or work over the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Have you had pain in your upper back in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Lower back/waist
Have you ever had lower back/lower back pain or soreness or discomfort in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, hip/thigh, other items are not applicable)					Yes
Did lower back/lower back pain affect your normal life or work during the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Have you had lower back/lower back pain in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Hips/Thighs
Have you ever had hip/thigh pain or soreness or discomfort in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, knee, other items are not applicable)					Yes
Did hip/thigh pain affect your normal life or work during the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Do you have hip/thigh pain in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Knees
Have you ever had knee pain or soreness or discomfort in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, ankle/foot, other items are not applicable)					Yes
Did knee pain affect your normal life or work over the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Have you had knee pain in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Ankles/Feet
Have you ever had ankle/foot pain or soreness or discomfort in the past year?	None (Please skip the question, wrist/hand symptom, other items are not applicable)					Yes
Did ankle/foot pain affect your normal life or work over the past year?	No	Yes	N/A
Do you have ankle/foot pain in the past week?	No	Yes	N/A
Wrist/Hand Symptoms
Have you ever had to change work or daily activities because of hand/wrist pain?	No	Yes
How long has your hand/wrist pain lasted in the past year?	0 days	1 to 7 days	8 to 30 days	More than 30 days, but not every day pain	There's pain every day.
Would you need to reduce work or housework in the past year because of hand/wrist pain?	No	Yes
Do you need to reduce leisure activities in the past year due to hand/wrist pain?	No	Yes
How much time have you spent in the past year unable to do work or housework because of hand/wrist pain?	0 days	1 to 7 days	8 to 30 days	More than 30 days
Have you ever needed medical attention in the past year because of hand/wrist pain?	No	Yes
Taken together, your recommendations are:
Thank you for your advice!