Overall Prevalence and Prevalence Compared among Psoriasis Treatments of Onychomycosis in Patients with Nail Psoriasis and Fungal Involvement
Table 3
Analysis for risk factors independently associated with onychomycosis in patients with nail psoriasis.
Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
Crude odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
value
Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
value
Male gender
0.68 (0.27-1.70)
0.411
Concomitant diabetes mellitus
6.06 (1.53-24.02)
0.010
7.04 (1.44-34.50)
0.016
Duration of psoriasis ≥10 years
0.99 (0.37-2.70)
0.989
Handwashing times/day
1.83 (0.73-4.58)
0.200
Occupation that increased the risk of hand exposure to water
5.05 (1.89-13.52)
0.001
4.12 (1.36-12.51)
0.012
1.30 (0.52-3.24)
0.570
1.70 (0.65-4.46)
0.281
Topical treatment: methotrexate
3.19 (1.00-10.17)
0.050
2.12 (0.55-8.16)
0.275
Biologic#
0.58 (0.18-1.91)
0.372
0.46 (0.12-1.86)
0.277
Biologic treatment#: topical
1.71 (0.53-5.60)
0.372
2.16 (0.54-8.65)
0.277
Methotrexate
5.46 (1.63-18.36)
0.006
4.57 (1.11-18.93)
0.036
Pitted nails
1.51 (0.54-4.23)
0.434
Leukonychia
1.14 (0.46-2.83)
0.785
Crumbling
1.69 (0.65-4.41)
0.282
Onycholysis
0.46 (0.10-2.07)
0.311
Subungual hyperkeratosis
1.09 (0.43-2.77)
0.850
Paronychial involvement
0.90 (0.36-2.25)
0.817
Candida infection in the oral cavity
3.33 (0.92-12.01)
0.066
2.82 (0.59-13.39)
0.192
Variables with a value < 0.20 in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. A value < 0.05 in multivariate analysis was considered statistically significant. #Interleukin- (IL-) 17 inhibitors, antitumor necrosis factor, and anti-IL 12/23 were used in 20, 4, and 1 patient, respectively.
