The Effects of Nonnutritive Sweeteners on the Cariogenic Potential of Oral Microbiome

<div>Effects of NNSs on bacterial composition, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) generation, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. (a) Representative images of dual-species biofilms after fluorescence in situ hybridization. Green, <i>S. mutans</i>; Red, <i>S. sanguinis</i>. (b) Quantitative data of <i>S. mutans/S. sanguinis</i> biomass and bacterial composition. (c) Representative images of <i>S. mutans/S. sanguinis</i> dual-species biofilms after EPS staining. Green, bacteria; red, EPS. (d) The quantitative data of EPS/bacterial amount in dual-species biofilms. (e) The pH values of culture media of dual-species biofilms. Results are presented as <span class="nowrap"><svg height="9.65783pt" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 139.147 9.65783" width="139.147pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 116 112 115 248C235 252 361 262 377 265C396 269 400 277 400 297C400 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intergroup difference and are marked according to mean value. (S: sucrose; ACE: acesulfame-K; ASP: aspartame; SAC: saccharin; SUC: sucralose.).</div>

BioMed Research International

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Figure 2

Figure 2: The Effects of Nonnutritive Sweeteners on the Cariogenic Potential of Oral Microbiome 