[Retracted] Investigating Celastrol’s Anti-DCM Targets and Mechanisms via Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

Figure 1

A schematic diagram showing analysis performed in this study. Network pharmacology methods were used to identify effective targets of Celastrol through TCMSP database, Swiss Target database, and Batman-TCM database. Potential effective targets related to DCM were then identified using DisGeNET database, OMIM database, GeneCard database, and GEO database (GSE4745). Further, common targets of Celastrol and DCM were determined using a Venn diagram. STRING tool was used to construct PPI networks for targets of Celastrol and DCM, and visualization was done using Cytoscape 3.7.1. KEGG enrichment analysis was performed to explore signaling pathways of the drug and DCM that are implicated in energy reconstruction. The metabolic pathway level of each sample was quantified based on ssGSEA, and the relationship between major targets and energy metabolism was explored through Spearman correlation analysis. Experiments on animals were conducted to study alterations in signaling molecules.