Review Article

Association between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and COVID-19 Therapy: Systematic Review and Current Trends

Table 2

Summary of recruiting and not yet recruiting clinical trials involving use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of COVID-19.

IdentifierStudy titleCell therapyIntervention (intravenous infusion)Primary outcome

1NCT04535856Therapeutic Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of DW-MSC in COVID 19 Patients ()Allogenic MSC low dose, high dose, and placeboDrug; allogenic mesenchymal stem cellIncidence of treatment-emergent adverse event in treatment group
2NCT04313322Treatment of COVID 19 Patients Using Wharton’s Jelly-Mesenchymal Stem Cells ()3 IV doses of WJ-MSCs consisting of Wharton’s jelly-MSCsClinical outcomes followed by CT scan and RT-PCR
3NCT04457609Application of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Adjuvant Therapy for Critically-Ill Patients ()Umbilical cord-derived MSC/kg body weight in addition to standardised drugs.Drug: oseltamivir
Drug: azithromycin
Biological: umbilical cord MSCs
Clinical improvement: presence of dyspnoea, sputum, fever, and ventilation status, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation
4NCT04525378Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-based Therapy for COVID 19 associated Acute Respiratory Distress: a Pilot Clinical Study ()MSC in low dose, intermediate dose, and dosesMesenchymal stromal cell-based therapyIntrahospital mortality within 28 days
5NCT04269525Clinical Research Regarding the Availability and Safety of UC-MSCs Treatment for Serious Pneumonia and Critical Pneumonia caused by 2019-nCOV Infection ()UC-MSCs cell number/50 mL/bag, on 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days after enrolmentBiological: umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cellsOxygenation index on day 14 after enrolment
6NCT04397796The Safety of Therapeutic Treatment with Immunomodulatory Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Adults with COVID 19 Infection Requiring Mechanical Ventilation ()BM-Allo. MSC derived from bone marrow (CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD14-, CD34-, CD45-, and HLA-DR-)Biological: BM-Allo. MSCIncidence of adverse effects, mortality within 30 days, cause of death within 30 days, number of ventilation free days within 60 days of randomisation
7NCT04903327Treatment of COVID 19 Induced Acute Respiratory Distress: A Phase 2 Study of Intravenous Administration of Allogenic Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells ()COVI-MSC 2 vials on day 0, day 2, and day 4Biological: COVI-MSCAll-cause mortality rate at day 28
8NCT04467047Safety and Feasibility of Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of COVID 19 () MSCs/kg body weight mesenchymal stromal cell infusionsBiological: mesenchymal stromal cells infusionOverall survival [time frame: 60 days]
9NCT04452097A Phase 1/2a Study of the Safety and Efficacy of BX-U001 for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia with Moderate to Severe ARDS ()Single infusion of hUC-MCS product at dose of 0.5 million cells/kgBiological: human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells+ supportive careIncidence of infusion-related adverse events [time frame-day 3] and incidence of any treatment emergent adverse events and treatment emergent serious adverse events [time frame: day 28]
10NCT04444271Prospective, Randomized Phase 2 Clinical Trial of MSCs for the Treatment of COVID-19 ()Experimental: MSCs at dose MSCs on day 1 and day 7 in addition to standard of careDrug: mesenchymal stem cellsOverall survival [time frame-30 days postintervention]
11NCT04390139A Prospective Double-blind, Randomized, Parallel, Placebo controlled Pilot Clinical Trial for the Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Two Doses of WJ-MSC in Patients with ARDS Secondary to Infection by COVID-19 ()Experimental-Wharton-jelly MSCs on day 1 and day 3Drug: XCEL-UMC-BETAAll-cause mortality at day 28
12NCT04371393Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe COVID-19 ARDS ()Experimental-infusion of remestemcel-L MSC/kg body weight plus standard of careBiological: remestemcel-L
Drug: placebo
Number of all-cause mortalities within 30 days of randomisation
13NCT04339660Clinical Research of Human MSCs in the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia ()Experimental: cells/kg of weight of MSCsBiological: UC-MSCsThe immune function-improvement and evaluative of pneumonia change
14NCT04798716MSC Exosomes for the Treatment of COVID-19 Positive Patients with ARDS and/or Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia ()MSC-exosomes escalating dose every other day for a period of 5 days.Drug: MSC-exosomes delivered IV every other day on escalating dayTreatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4; for patients receiving ARDOXSO™, perinatal MSC-derived exosome therapy [time frame 90 days]
15NCT04273646Clinical Study of Human Umbilical Cord MSCs in the Treatment of Severe COVID 19 ()Conventional treatment plus 4 times of UC-MSCs ( UC-MSCs/kg body weight IV on day 1, 3, 5, and 7)Biological: UC-MSCs
Drug: placebo
Pneumonia severity index (time frame- 0 to 12 weeks after treatment) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2)
16NCT04537351A Pilot, Open-label, Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial to Investigate Early Efficacy of CYP-001 in Adults Admitted to Intensive Care with Respiratory Failure ()Experimental: CYP-001 IV infusion of 2 million Cymerus MSCs/kg body weightBiological- CYP-001Trend in trajectory of PaO2/FiO2 ratio [time frame- 7 days]
17NCT04445220A Multicentre, Randomised, Case controlled, Double-Blind, Ascending-dose study of Extracorporeal MSC in COVID-19 Subjects with Acute Kidney Injury Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy ()Experimental: low dose and high dose SBI-101 device containing MSCsBiological- SBI-101Safety and tolerability as measured by incidence of IP-related serious adverse events [time frame- adverse events through day 180]
18NCT04798066HBPCOV01: Intermediate Size Patient Population Expanded Access Protocol to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of HB-adMSCs for the Treatment of Patients with Post COVID-19 Syndrome.Autologous adipose-derived MSCs with a treatment duration of 14 weeksBiological: HB-adMSCsTreatment outcomes and adverse effects
19NCT04456439Intermediate size Expanded Access of Remesremcel-L, Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) ()Remestecel-L – participants may receive upto 2 infusions of L within a 5-day period
Drug: hydrocortisone receiving and diphenhydramine receiving participants 30 minutes prior to the infusion of remestemcel-L
Biological: remestemcel-L
Drug: hydrocortisone and diphenhydramine
Treatment outcomes and adverse effects