Comparison of Efficacy between Acupuncture Therapies in Improving Sacroiliac Joint Malposition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Basic characteristics of the included studies.

Study	Mean years (y)		Sample size		Intervention		Treatment duration	Outcomes	Follow-up	Side effects
	Treatment	Control	Treatment	Control	Treatment	Control
Kuang 2016 [13]			60	60	ACU	RM	20 days	① ② ③	Not stated	3 patients reported minor hematoma in treatment group
Zhang 2020 [14]			30	30	AT, RM, MST	RM, MST	6 weeks	① ② ③ ⑤	Not stated	Not stated
Hou 2018 [15]			42	42	AT, RM	RM	4 weeks	① ② ④	Not stated	Not stated
Helen 2005 [16]			125	131	ACU, ST	SE, ST	6 weeks	① ②	After 1 week	Not happened
Zhou 2014 [17]			30	30	ACU	RM	10 days	① ⑥	Not stated	Not stated
Huang 2016 [18]			30	30	AT, RM	RM	15 days	①	Not stated	Not stated
Stephanie 2019 [19]			96	103	ACU	ST	4 weeks	① ② ③	After 1 week	Not stated
Jiang 2012 [20]			40	40	AT, RM	RM	3 weeks	①	Not stated	Not stated
Zhu 2018 [21]	—	—	42	42	AT, RM	RM	15 days	①	Not stated	Not stated
Li 2016 [22]			25	25	AT	RM	3 weeks	①	Not stated	Not stated

ACU: acupuncture; AT: acupotomy therapy; RM: reduction manipulation; MST: muscle strength training; ST: standard treatment; SE: stabilizing exercises; ①: total efficiency rate; ②: visual analog scale; ③: the Oswestry Disability Index; ④: Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores; ⑤: ilium transverse diameter differences; ⑥: sacroiliac joint movement index.