In the last year, new drugs of the anticancer therapeutic protocols are focused on by clinicians, in order to monitor and prevent also potential adverse effects, from stomatitis to MRONJ. Targeted therapies and the new biologic agents have revolutionized the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory and rheumatologic diseases but could be also responsible for severe and discouraging oral diseases. In particular, OsteoNecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) represents a harsh and devastating condition that firstly appeared as a bisphosphonate- (BP-) related class effect. Later, many studies have shown that the new receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibitor denosumab can equally induce ONJ. Recently, ONJ cases are reported after treatment including antiangiogenic agents and other “targeted therapy,” with and without BPs, in cancer patients, determining the new term introduced in medical literature, called Medication-Related OsteoNecrosis of Jaw (MRONJ).

The special issue aims at presenting current knowledge on the most severe disease related to anticancer therapy, describing the most common clinical presentations of oral reactions to anticancer drugs, describing the pathway of differential diagnosis of oral reactions to anticancer drugs, and focusing on the state of the art on medical protocols for managing oral adverse reactions.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Oral adverse events
• Osteonecrosis of the jaw
• Mucositis
• New drugs of anticancer therapy
• Quality of life of patients with adverse drug events