Urinary incontinence (UI), alone or as an overactive bladder (OAB) symptom, is a growing global health-care problem that increases in prevalence with age. UI is 3 times more common in women than men, affecting approximately 12.5% and 35% of adult males and females and up to 10% of children of both genders. Clinical and basic science has classified UI into subtypes based on pathophysiology and causal factors. The most bothersome subtype reported by women is UUI whereas the most prevalent subtype is SUI. The pathophysiology underlying UUI is complex and based on altered physiological mechanisms controlling bladder storage and emptying. Causal factors have been focused on myogenic, neurogenic, and (more recently) sensory dysfunction. SUI is urinary leakage due to increased abdominal pressure caused by sneezing, coughing, exercise, lifting, and position change. Its pathophysiology, compared with that of UUI, may be less complex and largely related to physical changes in structures forming or in relation to the lower urinary tract (for example, the pelvic floor muscles). A large proportion of women experience mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), which includes both UUI and SUI symptoms. Studies have reported MUI alone to affect 2–4 out of 10 women who are from 20 to more than 80 years old. In children apart from SUI and UUI alone, detrussor sphynter dyssinergia is another cause of UI.

Following clinical determination of urge or stress incontinence, a number of treatment regimens can be followed. Deciding on a treatment regimen is a multifactorial decision process dictated in part by UI subtype and symptom severity.

The aim of the editors is to cover the problem of UI from the gynecological, urological, pediatric, and physiotherapeutic perspective. With that said, in this special issue, we welcome submissions on UI from different medical professionals and also from nonmedical professionals dealing with patients suffering from UI. We encourage the submission of both review and research articles reporting on the etiology, the pathophysiology, the prediction, the prevention, and the management of UI. Review articles should describe the current state of the art on this topic, while research articles should contain original research on any of the areas.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Diagnostic protocols for urinary incontinence
• Neurogenic bladder management
• Nonneurogenic bladder voiding disturbances
• Lower urinary tract dysfunction
• Conservative treatment options for patients with urinary incontinence
• Surgical treatment options for urinary incontinence
• Medical management of urge urinary incontinence
• Pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation for urinary incontinence
• Posterior tibial nerve or sacral nerve stimulation in treatment of urinary incontinence
• Laser therapy in treatment of urinary incontinence