Pregnant women may need to undergo surgery or invasive procedures for non-obstetric indications. Due to concerns regarding teratogenicity, risk of preterm delivery, or fetal loss, elective surgical procedures are often deferred until after delivery. However, no woman should be denied the necessary surgery in any trimester of pregnancy.

There are barriers to the appropriate provision of surgery to pregnant women. Institutional experience may be limited, and there is often a lack of evidence on the techniques and outcomes for specific procedures or surgical approaches. Previous literature may reflect outdated surgical techniques, anaesthetic, and periprocedural management. More evidence is needed regarding minimally invasive surgery, interventional endovascular techniques (e.g., radiological, neurosurgical, cardiovascular) as well as invasive diagnostic procedures such as liver or kidney biopsies. There is a need for data on both maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes. When considering such outcomes, appropriate comparison groups should be considered, ideally pregnant women with the same condition treated without surgery. Moreover, it is still unclear how fetal monitoring during surgery may improve outcomes.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together original research and review articles discussing all aspects of non-obstetric surgery. Submissions about open and minimally invasive surgery, anaesthetic techniques, interventional radiology procedures are encouraged. We also welcome submissions with no limitations on the conditions involved and a special interest in maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Abdominal emergency in pregnancy
• Appendectomy in pregnancy
• Maternal trauma in pregnancy
• Interventional neuroradiology and radiology in pregnancy
• Cardiac surgery in pregnancy
• Neurosurgery in pregnancy
• Spontaneous haemoperitoneum in pregnancy
• Abdominal surgery in pregnancy
• Liver biopsy in pregnancy
• Kidney biopsy in pregnancy
• Endocrine surgery in pregnancy
• General anaesthesia in pregnancy
• Local anaesthesia in pregnancy
• Animal models used to study non-obstetric surgery in pregnancy
• Gynaecologic surgery during pregnancy