Tissue engineering and regenerative plastic surgery are interrelated terms which often go hand in hand when discussing cell (mesenchymal and follicular) biotechnology and bioactive molecules (platelet rich plasma (PRP), micrografts), and addition of biomaterials (scaffolds, hydrogels) for hair regrowth and fat graft improvement and/or regeneration of tissues for biomedical applications (in relation to tissue of the face and body, cartilage, skin, and hair). Clinical verification of scaffolds, devices, delivery systems, and other regenerative strategies are needed in order to select the most appropriate approach for clinical applications.

There are several varied clinical applications relating to regenerative plastic surgery, such as for hair regrowth (using PRP, micrografts, cells, and LED therapy) and face remodeling with fat grafts enriched with adipose derived stem cells (ASC) or stromal vascular fraction cells (SVF). Further applications could be nasal reconstruction with grafts enriched with chondrocytes and treatment of breast soft tissue defects (aesthetic volume improvement and outcomes of reconstruction with fat grafts enriched with ASC or SVF). A further interesting application is the treatment of ulcers with PRP, ASC, or SVF cells and other biomaterials. In light of current knowledge on chondrocytes, epithelial, dermal, human hair follicles, and SVF cells and their associations with biomaterials, numerous researchers have developed different strategies to improve the clinical outcomes of these varied biotechnology applications.

This special issue aims to collect submissions of original research articles and reviews which demonstrate the clinical effects of new state-of-the-art biotechnology in regenerative plastic surgery.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Hair regrowth estimated by TrichoScan, hair dystrophy estimated by dermoscopy, and cell proliferation estimated by Ki67 assessment in patients affected by hair loss treated with micrografts, cells (follicular/ASC/SVF/epithelial/dermal), PRP, growth factors, and other biotechnologies
• Fat graft maintenance estimated by instrumental and clinical evaluation in patients with face and breast soft tissue defects treated with fat injections enriched with stem cells (ASC/SVF) and/or PRP
• Cartilage and chondrocytes in nose reconstruction estimated by instrumental and clinical evaluation in patients with minor soft tissue defects of the nose (valve collapse and pinch nose deformity) treated with paste of cartilage (diced cartilage, shaving cartilage, and crushing) and/or chondrocytes
• Ulcer treatment performed with biomaterials/PRP/stem cells, estimated by instrumental and clinical evaluation