Pollution of the environment and its protection have become increasingly to the forefront of humanity. Aquatic ecosystems are exposed to permanent flow of pollutants of natural and anthropogenic origin. These substances can in certain cases result in negative changes in water quality. Water and organisms living in it constitute one of the essential components of the ecosystem. Fish and crayfish are a very important part of the aquatic ecosystem and simultaneously are also important economic organisms for human consumption. Over the last 50 years, there has been significant development of the field of aquatic toxicology. The subject of aquatic toxicology is research and estimation of the effect of xenobiotic on aquatic ecosystem and organisms living there.

The main focus of this special issue will be on the new and existing discoveries that determine a wide variety of pollutants in water and their effects on aquatic organisms. The special issue is not focused only on fish and crayfish but it will be possible to submit articles focusing on other aquatic organisms (mollusks, shellfish, aquatic invertebrates, etc.). The special issue will become an international forum for researchers to summarize the most recent developments and ideas in the aquatic toxicology, with a special emphasis given to the new technical of pollutant monitoring and observational mechanisms of toxicity of water pollutant obtained within the last years. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Mechanisms of toxicity
• Toxicity test (in situ and in laboratory)
• Biomonitoring
• Chemical monitoring
• Biomarkers (of effects, exposure, or susceptibility)
• Environmental risk assessment
• Reproduction toxicity
• Pesticide toxicology
• Pharmaceutical safety
• Heavy metals
• Hazard evaluation
• Tiered toxicity assessments

Before submission, authors should carefully read over the journal’s Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/submit/journals/bmri/toxicology/fct/ according to the following timetable:

Lead Guest Editor

• Josef Velíšek, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia v Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic

Guest Editors

• Zdenka Svobodova, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
• Antonín Kouba, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia v Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
• Zhi-Hua Li, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.8, 1st Wudayuan Road, East Lake Hi-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei 430223, P R China