Orofacial Pain during Mastication in People with Dementia: Reliability Testing of the Orofacial Pain Scale for Non-Verbal Individuals

Table 3

Intraobserver and interobserver reliability per item.

Item	Intraobserver; Observer 1			Intraobserver; Observer 2			Interobserver; Over assessments 1
	ICC	Agreement (in %)	95% CI	ICC	Agreement (in %)	95% CI	ICC	Agreement (in %)	95% CI
(Q1) Frowning	0.64	82.3	0.56–0.71	0.48	74.7	0.38–0.57	0.50	75.5	0.40–0.59
(Q2) Narrowing or closing eyes	0.68	84.0	0.61–0.74	0.31	69.6	0.19–0.42	0.25	62.4	0.13–0.37
(Q3) Raising upper lip	0.61	85.2	0.52–0.68	0.35	67.5	0.24–0.49	0.30	64.1	0.15–0.43
(Q5) Tightened lips	0.80	90.3	0.75–0.84	0.29	74.7	0.17–0.40	0.35	70.5	0.23–0.46
(Q9) Restlessness	0.92	99.6	0.90–0.94	0.49	96.6	0.38–0.58	0.40	95.4	0.29–0.50
(Q14) Restricting jaw movement	0.77	93.7	0.71–0.81	0.40	86.1	0.29–0.50	0.41	86.1	0.30–0.51

ICC = Intraclass Correlation Coefficient.
CI = confidence interval.