The Interactive Relationship between Pain, Psychosis, and Agitation in People with Dementia: Results from a Cluster-Randomised Clinical Trial
Table 3
Efficacy of treating pain on psychosis and agitation in patients presenting one or more clinically significant symptoms at baseline (NPI-NH ≥ 4).
Baseline (SD)
8 weeks (SD)
Control (n = 71)
Intervention (n = 83)
Control (n = 67)
Intervention (n = 70)
change
Psychosis cluster
10.5 (4.7)
11.6 (5.9)
0.314
6.4 (5.3)
5.6 (6.1)
0.148
0.034
Delusion
5.6 (4.2)
6.9 (4.0)
0.043
3.2 (3.7)
2.9 (3.6)
0.770
0.031
Hallucination
3.2 (3.8)
3.3 (4.0)
0.813
2.1 (3.1)
2.1 (3.3)
0.987
0.925
Euphoria
1.7 (2.9)
1.4 (3.1)
0.211
1.0 (2.2)
0.5 (1.9)
0.027
0.758
Control (n = 128)
Intervention (n = 137)
Control (n = 117)
Intervention (n = 113)
p change
Agitation cluster
17.4 (9.7)
18.0 (9.6)
0.422
14.0 (11.0)
8.8 (8.8)
<0.001
<0.001
Agitation/aggression
4.7 (4.0)
5.1 (4.2)
0.441
4.2 (4.0)
2.5 (3.3)
0.001
0.004
Disinhibition
3.9 (4.3)
3.5 (4.0)
0.618
3.3 (4.2)
1.9 (3.2)
0.008
0.211
Irritability
4.8 (3.6)
5.1 (4.1)
0.664
3.6 (3.6)
2.6 (3.2)
0.023
0.183
Abb. motor behaviour
4.0 (4.7)
4.3 (4.9)
0.639
2.9 (3.9)
1.8 (3.5)
0.008
0.007
Calculated by analyzing the difference between the intervention group and control group at each measurement point using the Mann-Whitney test. Calculated by analyzing the difference in change of NPI-NH score in the intervention group versus the control group from baseline to Week 8 using the Mann-Whitney test.
