COGEVIS: A New Scale to Evaluate Cognition in Patients with Visual Deficiency
Table 1
Description of the population comparing participants with normal cognition (NC) to cognitively impaired (CI) ones.
NC ()
CI ()
value
Age
69.1 (1.7)
75.0 (2.2)
0.04
Gender: female
9 (45)
7 (58.3)
0.5
Years of education
11.8 (1)
7.9 (1.3)
0.02
Right handedness
15 (75)
12 (100)
0.12
MMSE
26.1 (0.8)
20.1 (1)
0.0001
FAB
14.9 (0.6)
10.8 (0.7)
0.0001
Digit span forward
5.8 (0.2)
4.7 (0.3)
0.005
Digit span backward
4.2 (0.2)
3.2 (0.3)
0.03
CVLT total recall score
53.2 (2.4)
33.2 (2.1)
0.0001
Intrusions
0.8 (0.6)
3.1 (0.7)
0.02
Recognition
15.2 (0.5)
12.6 (0.7)
0.008
False recognition
0.6 (0.6)
4.3 (0.8)
0.02
Categorical (animals) fluency
29.0 (2.1)
18 (2.7)
0.004
Lexical (letter P) fluency
21.4 (1.8)
12.8 (2.4)
0.008
WAIS-IV vocabulary
10.7 (0.7)
7.0 (0.8)
0.003
Symbolic praxis
4.9 (0.1)
4.6 (0.2)
0.06
Pantomime praxis
9.8 (0.3)
8.9 (0.3)
0.04
MADRS
13.3 (2.4)
17.5 (3.3)
0.3
Baseline COGEVIS
27.5 (0.6)
22.9 (0.8)
0.0001
Follow-up COGEVIS
28.4 (0.9)
21.7 (1.1)
0.0002
Visual deficiency duration (years)
8.1 (1.9)
7.6 (2.5)
0.9
Best-seeing eye visual acuity
0.13 (0.02)
0.10 (0.03)
0.6
IADL
14.2 (1.2)
20.6 (1.5)
0.002
NEI VFQ 25
35.8 (2.9)
28.4 (3.6)
0.12
Values expressed as mean (SEM) and t-tests performed for continuous variable or N (%) and chi-squared test performed for categorical variables. CVLT: California Verbal Learning Test; FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery; IADL: Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; MADRS: Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; NEI VFQ 25: National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire; WAIS-IV: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition.
