Neurohealth Properties of Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Enriched with Erinacines

Table 1

Erinacines with biological activities demonstrated in vitro and in vivo.

Erinacines	Tests	Concentration	Biological activities	Reference
Erinacine A	In vitro	1 mM	Induced 250.1 ± 36.2 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[12]
	In vivo	30 mg/kg body weight/day	(1) Reduced amyloid burden by 38.1 ± 19.7%; (2) Increased IDE levels by 141.1 ± 63.7%	[20]
	In vivo	1 mg/kg body weight/day	Inhibited DLD-1 tumor growth by 66%	[21]
	In vivo	30 mg/kg body weight/day	(1) Reduced both the size and number of amyloid plaques; (2) Increased IDE levels by 303.5%; (3) Recovered from impairments in burrowing, nesting, and Morris water maze tasks	[22]
Erinacine B	In vitro	1 mM	Induced 129.7 ± 6.5 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[12]
Erinacine C	In vitro	1 mM	Induced 299.1 ± 59.6 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[12]
Erinacine D	In vitro	1.67 mM	Induced 141.5 ± 18.2 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[14]
Erinacine E	In vitro	5 mM	Induced 105.0 ± 5.2 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[13]
	In vitro	IC50	Binding inhibitor for κ-opioid receptor at 0.8 μM	[23]
Erinacine F	In vitro	5 mM	Induced 175.0 ± 5.2 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[13]
Erinacine H	In vitro	70.8 mM	Induced 31.5 ± 1.7 pg/ml NGF synthesis	[15]
Erinacine S	In vivo	30 mg/kg body weight/day	(1) Reduced amyloid burden by 40.2 ± 15.2%; (2) Increased IDE levels by 130.5 ± 68.9%	[20]
	In vivo	30 mg/kg body weight/day	(1) Reduced the size of amyloid plaques; (2) Increased IDE levels by 269.8%; (3) Recovered from impairments in burrowing, nesting, and Morris water maze tasks	[22]