Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review

Table 2

Hospital-Based Data—Dementia Frequency.

Author	Year	Country	Study design	Criteria used for dementia identification	Sample size	Setting/sampling tech	Study key findings
Ogunniyi et al. [26]	1998	Saudi Arabia	Hospital-based study	Dementia subtypes were made according to NINCDS-ADRDA, NINDSAIREN, and ICD 10	77	King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh (KKUH); All Saudis with dementia at the university hospital from Jan 1985 to Dec 1996	Hospital frequency—19.3/100,000; Dementia subtypes: AD—51.9%; VaD—18.2%; Mixed cases—15.6%; Dementia with Parkinson’s disease—7.8%; Treatable dementia—5.2%
Qureshi et al. [27]	2001	Saudi Arabia	Hospital-based study	Not mentioned	540	Hospital, random selection of 540 referrals to psychiatric hospital (1999)	Psychiatrists made more diagnoses of dementia than PHC or GH doctors (not significant); From 138 GH referrals: 9.4% of dementia patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist; 1.4% of dementia patients were diagnosed by the GH psychiatry doctors
Albugami et al. [3]	2018	Saudi Arabia	Hospital-based study	Medical records; No standardized diagnostic protocol	418	Dementia patients in Saudi hospital from 1995 to 2010	Dementia subtypes: Mixed dementia—18.37%; AD—15.87%.; VaD—7.71%; Parkinson dementia—3.85%
Hamad et al. [28]	2004	Qatar	Hospital-based study	MMSE, SMQ brain CT, MRI, blood tests	134	Dementia patients Hamad General Hospital, Doha 1997–2003	Dementia subtypes: AD—39 (29%); VaD—30 (22%); Mixed AD and VaD—20 (15%); Dementia with Parkinson’s disease—8 (6%)