Wild Bitter Melon Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Upregulating Injury-Attenuated CISD2 Expression following Spinal Cord Injury

Figure 4

Traumatic insults upregulated GFAP and neuroinflammatory mediators and downregulated CISD2 mRNA expression in vivo 24 h after spinal cord hemisection in mice. WBM can in vivo rescue the abovementioned detrimental effects. Results of mRNA expression of GFAP (a), IL-1β (b), IL-6 (c), IL-4 (d), and CISD2 (e) for 3 conditions. Vertical bars indicate the (SEM) of mRNA expression (). vs. control, vs. control, ^##, and ^### indicate a significant difference. Pair-wise multiple comparisons between groups were performed using the Newman-Keuls method.

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