Inhibition of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition for Cytoprotection: Direct versus Indirect Mechanisms

Table 1

List of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitors. CypD, Cyclophilin D; VDAC, voltage-dependent anion channel; ANT, adenine nucleotide translocase; UQ, ubiquinone.

MPT inhibitor	Target	Model	References
Cyclosporin A	CypD binding with ANT	In vivo, isolated mitochondria, cells	[44, 45]
Sanglifehrin A	CypD	In vivo, isolated mitochondria, cells	[46, 47]
Bongkrekic acid	ANT	Isolated mitochondria, cells	[48–50]
ADP/ATP	ANT	Isolated mitochondria, in vitro	[51, 52]
NADH/NAD+	VDAC	Isolated mitochondria, in vitro	[53–55]
DIDS	VDAC	Isolated mitochondria, in vitro, cells	[52–58]
glutamate	VDAC	Isolated mitochondria, in vitro	[59–61]
Ro 68–3400	ANT or PiC, not VDAC1	Isolated mitochondria, in vitro	[61–63]
UQ(0)	ANT or PiC	Isolated mitochondria, in vitro	[64, 65]
S15176	unknown, in IM	In vivo, isolated mitochondria	[66, 67]
Sildenafil	unknown	In vivo, isolated mitochondria	[68]
Debio-025	CypD	In vivo, isolated mitochondria	[69]
TRO19622	VDAC, translocator protein 18 kDa	In vivo, isolated mitochondria	[70]
Carbon monoxide	ANT, unknown	Isolated mitochondria, cells	[71]
Antamanide	CypD	Isolated mitochondria, cells	[72]