A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Clinical Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of a Drug Combination of Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Azithromycin, Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Doxycycline, and Azithromycin-Hydroxychloroquine for Patients Diagnosed with Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Infections

Table 2

Analysis of laboratory data profiles of D-dimer, CRP level, interleukins, and TNF-α of subjects in the Control group and Groups A–E on day 1 and day 7 during treatment.

Group	Control	A	B	C	D	E	value
Median level of D-dimer (ng/mL FEU, minimum–maximum)
Day 1	203 (99–1,085)	166.5 (73–776)	177 (0–981)	176 (63–18,460)	191 (75–4,474)	180 (53–2,393)	0.078
Day 7	169 (70–1,309)	158 (66–481)	152 (66–1,156)	160 (56–485)	173 (68–1,842)	161 (60–819)	0.549
CRP level (mg/L, minimum–maximum)
Day 1	2.0 (0.1–69.1)	1.5 (0.1–35.2)	1,0 (0.1–32.4)	1.5 (0.1–43.7)	1.0 (0.0–77.3)	1.2 (0.1–65.1)	0.026
Day 7	0.7 (0.0–14.2)	0.6 (0.1–41.5)	0.6 (0.1–24.2)	0.6 (0.1–44.4)	0.6 (0.1–18.1)	0.8 (0.1–34.5)	0.039
IL-6 level (ng/mL, minimum–maximum)
Day 1	167.9 (7.8–500.4)	191.0 (10.2–1,348.9)	183.2 (25.8–2,934.9)	180.4 (13.2–22,022.3)	194.2 (15.7–1,452.2)	190.7 (32.5–1,348.9)	<0.0001
Day 7	186.7 (18.3–2,432.9)	146.9 (0.2–407.1)	145.8 (19.8–1,753.9)	145.5 (6.3–2,940.0)	170.1 (0.4–820.2)	144.2 (3.5–476.7)	<0.0001
IL-10 level (ρg/mL, minimum–maximum)
Day 1	141.7 (53.7–1,702.9)	82.1 (35.5–342.5)	89.3 (35.5–404.1)	86.9 (30.9–388.8)	92.1 (32.7–408.1)	76.0 (39.3–319.9)	<0.0001
Day 7	105.9 (36.8–396.3)	128.6 (45.1–1,190.9)	142.0 (45.9–2,132.9)	144.8 (48.0–2,132.9)	145.7 (51.5–740.0)	147.2 (62.4–586.0)	<0.0001
Plasma level of TNF-α (ρg/mL, minimum–maximum)
Day 1	149.3 (5.2–821.0)	168.5 (49.9–2,316.7)	176.6 (56.0–872.2)	165.1 (52.9–1,185.5)	171.5 (47.1–1,026.4)	197.7 (59.4–808.6)	<0.0001
Day 7	179.0 (26.0–1,152.2)	137.9 (28.1–622.0)	143.8 (36.3–641.7)	138.6 (31.7–631.8)	142.6 (1.3–593.4)	130.8 (37.4–380.9)	<0.0001

Control group: 1 × 500 mg azithromycin per day; Group A: 2 × 200/50 mg lopinavir/ritonavir + 1 × 500 mg azithromycin per day; Group B: 2 × 200/50 mg lopinavir/ritonavir + 2 × 100 mg doxycycline per day; Group C: 2 × 100 mg hydroxychloroquine + 1 × 500 mg azithromycin per day; Group D: 2 × 400/100 mg lopinavir/ritonavir + 1 × 500 mg azithromycin per day; Group E: 2 × 400/100 mg lopinavir/ritonavir + 2 × 100 mg doxycycline per day; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-10: interleukin-10; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; compared with day 1.