|
| | Total
| 1997–2004
| 2005–2011
| |
|
| Gender, (%) | | | | |
| Male | 197 (49.9) | 120 (60) | 77 (39.5) | <0.0001* |
| Female | 198 (50.1) | 80 (40) | 118 (60.5) |
| Gestational age (weeks), mean (±SD) | 29.1 (2.9) | 28.9 (3.2) | 29.3 (2.6) | 0.15¥ |
| Birth weight (grams), median (min–max) | 1130 (360–1498) | 1120 (460–1495) | 1130 (360–1498) | 0.958¥ |
| Small for gestational age, (%) | 95 (24.1) | 42 (21) | 53 (27.2) | 0.15* |
| Less than 1000 g, (%) | 156 (40) | 83 (41.4) | 73 (37.4) | 0.409* |
| Antenatal steroids, (%) | 325 (82.3) | 153 (76.5) | 172 (88.2) | |
| Dexamethasone | 161 (49.5) | 152 (99.3) | 9 (5.2) | <0.0001* |
| Betamethasone | 164 (50.5) | 1 (0.7) | 163 (94.8) | |
| Full cycle | 213 (65.5) | 74 (48.4) | 139 (80.8) | <0.0001* |
| Incomplete cycle | 112 (34.5) | 79 (51.6) | 33 (19.2) | |
| Histological chorioamnionitis, (%) | 111 (28) | 53 (26.5) | 58 (29.7) | 0.364* |
| Delivery mode, (%) | | | | |
| Vaginal | 147 (37.2) | 87 (43.5) | 60 (30.8) | 0.009* |
| C-section | 248 (62.8) | 113 (56.5) | 135 (69.2) |
Apgar score, (%)
1st minute | | | | |
| ≤7 | 283 (71.6) | 170 (85) | 113 (57.9) | <0.0001* |
| ≥8 | 112 (28.4) | 30 (15) | 82 (42.1) |
| 5th minute | | | |
| ≤7 | 140 (35.4) | 92 (46) | 48 (24.6) |
| ≥8 | 225 (64.6) | 108 (54) | 147 (75.4) |
| Respiratory management in the delivery room, (%) | | | | |
| Endotracheal intubation | 229 (58) | 150 (75) | 79 (40.5) | <0.0001* |
| Spontaneous ventilation | 110 (27.8) | 50 (25) | 60 (30.8) | 0.201* |
| Early NCPAP | 56 (14.2) | 0 | 56 (28.7) | <0.0001* |
| Respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 247 (62.5) | 132 (66) | 115 (59) | 0.15* |
| Surfactant administration method, n (%) | 217 (54.9) | 112 (56) | 105 (53.8) | 0.667* |
Endotracheal intubation with mechanical
ventilation | 202 (93) | 112 (56) | 90 (85.7) | |
| INSURE | 14 (6.5) | 0 | 14 (13.3) | <0.0001 ∞ |
| Both methods | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (1) | |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 250 (63.3) | 149 (75.3) | 101 (51.8) | <0.0001* |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, median day (min–max) | 6 (1–184) | 6 (1–184) | 5 (1–140) | 0.44¥ |
| NCPAP, n (%) | 221 (55.9) | 67 (33.5) | 154 (79.4) | <0.0001* |
| NCPAP, median day (min–max) | 12 (1–75) | 10 (1–50) | 13.5 (1–75) | 0.049 ¥ |
| Oxygen, n (%) | 272 (68.9) | 152 (76) | 120 (61.5) | 0.002
*
|
| Oxygen, median day (min–max) | 4 (1–184) | 7 (1–184) | 2 (1–147) | <0.0001 ¥ |
| NICU stay, median day (min–max) | 42 (1–184) | 39 (1–184) | 45 (1–160) | 0.006 ¥ |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, (%) | 33 (8.4) | 23 (11.5) | 10 (5.1) | 0.022
*
|
| Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), (%) | 115 (29.1) | 60 (30) | 55 (28) | 0.340* |
| Surgical closure of PDA | 15 (3.7) | 8 (4) | 7 ( 3.5) | 0.257* |
| Nosocomial sepsis, (%) | 107 (27) | 66 (33) | 41 (21) | 0.089* |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis ≥ 2A, (%) | 13 (3.2) | 6 (3.0) | 7 (3.5) | 0.534* |
| Retinopathy of prematurity ≥ 2, (%) | 15 (3.7) | 8 (4) | 7 (3.6) | 0.257* |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage III-IV, (%) | 22 (5.5) | 6 (8.8) | 16 (8.2) | 0.736* |
| Cystic periventricular leukomalacia, (%) | 36 (9.1) | 27 (13.5) | 9 (4.6) | 0.065* |
| Deceased, (%) | 91 (23) | 70 (35) | 21 (10.8) | <0.0001* |
|
